We’re closing in on November 1st. We’ve done some pre-writing, looking at our characters and the world they inhabit. We may even have jotted down a loose outline of plot points to write to. Today, we’re going a little deeper into what our book may be about.
When someone asks me what a book I wrote is about, my mind grinds to a halt as I try to decide what to say. I could give them the rundown of the plot, which is the arc of events the characters experience.
Or, I can try to interest them in the characters and the struggles they overcome.
I have discovered that neither of those answers sells books.
I have only just recently discovered that what a prospective reader really wants to know is, “What themes are explored in this book?” People buy books that delve into subjects that resonate with their own lives. They want to read novels that shed light on the human condition, regardless of genre or the setting.
Readers read for the adventure, but the themes explored in that novel stay with them. Strong themes are as memorable as the characters we grow to love.
The story writes itself when I begin with a strong theme and solid characters. A 19th-century writer many have heard of but never read, Henry James has a great deal to tell us about using a story’s themes to create memorable characters. You may be familiar with some of his works, such as The Turn of the Screw and The Golden Bowl. His novels are still being made into movies and adapted as plays.
His novels feature one common theme—lust. Lust for sex. Lust for money. Lust for control.
Lust for power.
The Golden Bowl is a story featuring the themes of deception, manipulation, lust for money, and lust for control. Many of James’s novels are contemporary to his world, featuring characters going through their lives the way they did in his era.
When James sat down to write The Golden Bowl, published in 1904, he knew that the theme, the subject, and the core of the story he intended to write was the overwhelming desire for something unobtainable. Henry James played upon the reader’s secret craving for those same things by taking his characters down to their fundamental emotional components.
His work shocked his contemporary society because he peeled back the veneer of civilization and exposed their motives for the world to see. He created novels pertinent to today’s world by writing the kind of characters he knew in real life and setting them in stories that featured themes everyone could recognize and relate to in either a good or bad way.
So now, let’s look at the themes in a novel that has become a foundation book of modern fantasy. The Hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien, was published in 1937 as a children’s book. (Apparently, children were better educated in those days.) Courage in the face of failure and personal redemption are unifying themes of the Lord of the Rings series, along with loyalty and honor.
When Bilbo Baggins fights the giant spiders, he also faces his own cowardice and is amazed that he could do such a thing. This is only the first step in his personal arc. As the story progresses, he discovers that he has courage, which has nothing to do with the invisibility conferred on him by the ring he found earlier. Bilbo has courage, and yes, he is afraid. But he is not afraid to be courageous.
In the “Two Towers” Boromir must also have the courage to face his dishonor, move beyond his attempted theft of the ring, and find the courage to admit his shame. He then fights to protect Merry and Pippin. This is his personal redemption.
So, we know that theme illustrates a story’s central ideas. But maybe we don’t have a clue as to what theme might unify the events of our story arc.
Romantic love is a defining feature of the genre of Romance. But what different aspects of love can be found in every genre, from fantasy to sci-fi, horror, or crime fiction?
- Brother/Sisterly love
- Dangerous Attraction
- Friendship
- Love gained
- Love lost
- Parental love
- Passion
- Selfish love
- Tragic love
Love is only one theme, yet it has so many facets. Other themes abound, large central concepts that build tension within the narrative.
Here is a brief list, just a small jumping-off point for your creative mind. Some are significant themes that entire genres have been built around, and others are good supporting themes:
- Abuse
- Alienation/loneliness
- Ambition
- Coming of age
- Conspiracy
- Crime and Justice
- Fall from Grace
- Good vs. Evil
- Grief
- Humanity in jeopardy
- Midlife crisis
- Nostalgia for the good old days
- Plagues
- Rebellion and revolution
- Redemption
- Religious intolerance
- Separation and reunion
- The fall of civilization
- The hero’s journey
- War
Sometimes, we can visualize a complex theme but can’t explain it. If we can’t explain it, how do we show it? Consider the theme of “grief.” It is a common theme that can play out against any backdrop, whether sci-fi or reality based, where humans interact on an emotional level.
A plan is not always required because, in some stories, the flash of inspiration we start with is a strong theme. The theme develops as you write, and immediately, you see what it is. In my case, I need a plan fifty percent of the time.
Whatever the case, once I have identified the main theme, the story begins to take shape in my head. I can show it through
- Actions
- Symbolic settings/places
- Allegorical objects in the setting
- Conversations
On the surface level, each literary genre looks widely different. But when we go deeper, we find that all literary genres have commonalities: protagonists and side characters who must deal with and react to the book’s underlying themes.
Next up: creating societies, science, magic, and the paranormal.
The #NaNoPrep series to date:
- #NaNoPrep: creating the characters #amwriting | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com)
- #NaNoPrep: The initial setting #amwriting | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com)
- #NaNoPrep: What we think the story might be about #amwriting | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com)
- #NaNoPrep: The Heart of the Story #amwriting. | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com)
- #NaNoPrep: Signing up and getting started 2023 #amwriting | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com)
Even if you don’t have an idea of what you want to write, it’s time to go out to
Once there, create a profile. You don’t have to get fancy unless you are bored and feeling hypercreative.
You can play around with your personal page a little to get used to it. I use my NaNoWriMo avatar and name as my
Next, check out the community tabs. If you are in full screen, the tabs will be across the top. If you have the screen minimized, the button for the dropdown menu will be in the upper right corner and will look like the blue/green and black square to the right of this paragraph.
You may find the information you need in one of the many forums listed here.
Make a master file folder that is just for your writing. I write professionally, so my files are in a master file labeled Writing.
Give your document a label that is simple and descriptive. My NaNoWriMo manuscript will be labeled: Stowe_Bridge_NaNoWriMo_2023.
This year we will have write-ins at the local library. The authors in our region will come together and write for two hours and support each other’s journey. We will also meet via the miracle of the internet, using Discord and Zoom. My co-ML and I are finalizing a schedule for November.
I am the queen of front-loading too much history in my first drafts. Fortunately, my writer’s group has an unerring eye for where the story really begins.
You have done some prep work for character creation, so Tam is your friend. You know his backstory, who he is attracted to (men, women, none, or both), how handsome he is, and his personal history. But none of this matters to the reader in the opening pages. The reader only wants to know what will happen next.
Tam and Dagger will tell you what events and roadblocks must happen to them between their arrests and the final victory. This knowledge will emerge from your imagination as you write your way through this first draft.
Tam will find this information out as the story progresses and we will learn it as he does. With that knowledge, he will realize his fate is sealed—he’s doomed no matter what. But it fires him with the determination that if he goes down, he will take the Warlock Prince and his corrupt Cardinal, with him.
Now, we’re going to hear what our characters have to say about what their story might be.
An important point to remember is that no matter how decent they are, people lie to themselves about their motives. It’s human nature to obscure truths we don’t want to face behind other, more palatable truths. Those secrets will emerge as you write.
In my most recent book,
I’m going off-topic here for a moment. While the death of a character stirs the emotions, it must be a crucial turning point in that story. It must be planned and be the impetus that changes everything. The death of a character must drive the remaining characters to achieve greatness.
Unless, of course, you are writing paranormal fantasy. Death and resurrection may be the whole point if that’s the case.
If your employment isn’t a work-from-home job, using the note-taking app on your cellphone to take notes during business hours will be frowned upon. I suggest keeping a pocket-sized notebook and pencil or pen to write those ideas down as they come to you.
We talked about getting a start on our characters in Monday’s post. Today, we’re going to visualize the place where our proposed novel is set, the place where the story opens.
All worldbuilding must show a world that feels as natural to the reader as their native environment. I used the forests and lowlands of Western Washington State as my template. The entire series evolved out of three paragraphs that answered the following question:
Seagulls are a good example of what could happen. They fly and do their business while on the wing, and sometime find enjoyment in “bombing” windshields.
Some of us (Me! Me!) will make pencil-sketched maps of our fantasy world or the sci-fi setting. I find that maps are excellent brainstorming tools for when I can’t quite jostle a plot loose. It’s a form of doodling, a kind of mind wandering, and helps me find creative solutions to minor obstacles.
No matter how many characters you think are involved, one will stand out. That person will be the protagonist.
Once I know the basic plot, I make a page in my workbook with a bio of each character, a short personnel file. Sometimes, I include images of RPG characters or actors who most physically resemble them and who could play them well—but this is only to cement them in my mind.
Names say a lot about characters. If you give a character a name that begins with a hard consonant, the reader will subconsciously see them as more intense than one whose name starts with a soft sound. It’s a little thing, but it is something to consider when conveying personalities.
Artist: Aelbert Cuyp (1620–1691)
Every year I participate in
Who are the players?
Characters usually arrive in my imagination as new acquaintances inhabiting a specific environment. That world determines the genre.





