Masterclass in structure: A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens – and #review of audiobook as read by Aaron Volner

My dear friend (and one of my favorite indie authors) Aaron Volner is an amazing narrator. He has just posted on YouTube his incredible reading of the original manuscript of A Christmas Carol, written by Charles Dickens. Aaron’s interpretation of this classic is spot on. He has gotten all the voices just right, from kindly Fred down to Tiny Tim.

I think this is by far my favorite version of A Christmas Carol as it is the original manuscript and is one I will be listening to every year. The original version as it fell out of Dicken’s pen and onto the paper is far scarier than most modern versions, and Volner’s interpretation expresses that eeriness perfectly. Scrooge’s horror is visceral, and his redemption profound.

Charles Dickens would have been proud of this reading. I give Volner’s performance five stars—something I rarely do. You can find this wonderful reading at “A Christmas Carol” by Charles Dickens – YouTube

And this prompted me to revisit a post from a year ago: A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens – a masterclass in structure #amwriting.


Another Christmas has joined the Ghosts of Christmas Past. Our post today explores my favorite Christmas story of all time, A Christmas Carol, by Charles Dickens.

My Sister's Ornament, cjjaspI have talked about this novella many times, as I consider it one of the most enduring stories in Western literature. The opening act of this tale is a masterclass in how to structure a story.

I love stories of redemption–and A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens remains one of the most beloved tales of redemption in the Western canon. Written in 1843 as a serialized novella, A Christmas Carol has inspired a landslide of adaptations in both movies and books.

Charles Dickens was a master of storytelling, employing hooks and heavy foreshadowing to good effect. Let’s have a look at the first lines of this tale:

Christmascarol1843_--_040“Marley was dead, to begin with. There is no doubt whatever about that. The register of his burial was signed by the clergyman, the clerk, the undertaker, and the chief mourner. Scrooge signed it. And Scrooge’s name was good upon ‘Change for anything he chose to put his hand to. Old Marley was as dead as a doornail.”

In that first paragraph, Dickens offers us the bait. He sinks the hook and reels in the fish (the reader) by foreshadowing the story’s first plot point–the visitation by Marley’s ghost. We want to know why Marley’s unquestionable state of decay was so crucial that the conversation between us, the readers, and Dickens, the author, was launched with that topic.

Dickens doesn’t talk down to his readers. He uses the common phrasing of his time as if he were speaking to us over tea — “dead as a doornail,” a phrase that is repeated for emphasis. This places him on our level, a friend we feel comfortable gossiping with.

He returns to the thread of Marley several pages later, with the little scene involving the doorknocker. This is where Scrooge sees the face of his late business partner superimposed over the knocker and believes he is hallucinating. This is more foreshadowing, more bait to keep us reading.

At this point, we’ve followed Scrooge through several scenes, each introducing the subplots. We have met the man who, as yet, is named only as ‘the clerk’ in the original manuscript but whom we will later know to be Bob Cratchit. We’ve also met Scrooge’s nephew, Fred, who is a pleasant, likeable man.

These subplots are critical, as Scrooge’s redemption revolves around the ultimate resolution of those two separate mini stories. He must witness the joy and love in Cratchit’s family, who are suffering but happy despite living in grinding poverty (for which Scrooge bears a responsibility).

We see that his nephew, Fred, though orphaned, has his own business to run and is well off in his own right. Fred craves a relationship with his uncle and doesn’t care what he might gain from it financially.

By the end of the first act, all the characters are in place, and the setting is solidly in the reader’s mind. We’ve seen the city, cold and dark, with danger lurking in the shadows. We’ve observed how Scrooge interacts with everyone around him, strangers and acquaintances alike.

Now we come to the first plot point in Dickens’ story arc–Marley’s visitation. This moment in a story is also called “the inciting incident,” as this is the point of no return. Here is where the set-up ends, and the story takes off.

Dickens understood how to keep a reader enthralled. No words are wasted. Every scene is important, every scene leads to the ultimate redemption of the protagonist, Ebenezer Scrooge.

This is a short tale, a novella rather than a novel. But it is a profoundly moving allegory, a parable of redemption that remains pertinent in modern society.

In this tale, Dickens asks you to recognize the plight of those whom the Industrial Revolution has displaced and driven into poverty and the obligation of society to provide for them humanely.

This is a concept our society continues to struggle with and perhaps will for a long time to come. Cities everywhere struggle with the problem of homelessness and a lack of empathy for those unable to afford decent housing. Everyone is aware of this problem, but we can’t come to an agreement for resolving it.

A Christmas Carol remains relevant even in today’s hyper-connected world. It resonates with us because of that deep, underlying call for compassion that resounds through the centuries and is, unfortunately, timeless.

Ghost_of_Christmas_Present_John_Leech_1843As I mentioned before, this book is only a novella. It was comprised of 66 handwritten pages. Some people think they aren’t “a real author” if they don’t write a 900-page doorstop, but Dickens says differently.

One doesn’t have to write a novel to be an author. Whether you write blogposts, poems, short stories, novellas, or 700-page epic fantasies, you are an author. Diarists are authors. Playwrights are authors. Authors write—the act of creative writing makes one an author.

Today’s images are two illustrations by John Leech from the first edition of the novella published in book form in 1843.  We’re fortunate that the original art of John Leech, which Dickens himself chose to include in the book, has been uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. Thanks to the good people at Wikimedia, these prints are available for us all to enjoy.

From Wikipedia: John Leech (August 29, 1817 – October 29, 1864, in London) was a British caricaturist and illustrator. He is best known for his work for Punch, a humorous magazine for a broad middle-class audience, combining verbal and graphic political satire with light social comedy. Leech catered to contemporary prejudices, such as anti-Americanism and antisemitism, and supported acceptable social reforms. Leech’s critical yet humorous cartoons on the Crimean War help shape public attitudes toward heroism, warfare, and Britain’s role in the world. [1]

Write what you are inspired to, and may the New Year offer you all the inspiration you need. May you be happy, healthy, and may you have many opportunities to tell your stories.


CREDITS AND ATTRIBUTIONS:

[1] Wikipedia contributors, “John Leech (caricaturist),” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Leech_(caricaturist)&oldid=871947694 (accessed December 25, 2022).

Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Christmascarol1843 — 040.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Christmascarol1843_–_040.jpg&oldid=329166198 (accessed December 25, 2022)

A colourised edit of an engraving of Charles Dickens’ “Ghost of Christmas Present” character, by John Leech in 1843. Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Ghost of Christmas Present John Leech 1843.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ghost_of_Christmas_Present_John_Leech_1843.jpg&oldid=329172654 (accessed December 25, 2022).

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Christmas at the Drunken Sasquatch #merrychristmas

Today’s offering is a short story that was written and first posted here in 2016, Christmas at the Drunken Sasquatch. It features one of my favorite characters, Dan Dragonsworthy, were-dragon. Dan has taken on a life of his own and is featured in my short story, the Elevator Pitch. (Available at Amazon for .99 cents).

So now, live from the Other Side of Seattle, I bring you everyone’s favorite were-dragon and Christmas at the Drunken Sasquatch. As always, no vampires were harmed in the making of this tale.


Vampires have a sick sense of humor, especially Alfredo, although he pretends to be cultured. Just over a year ago he got me banned from the Drunken Sasquatch, by switching my orange juice for an orange soda… that dirty trick was more than embarrassing. Covering the cost of the damages to the scorched floor, replacing the furniture, and buying Sylvia Wannamaker a new coat ate into my hoard quite heavily.

Worst of all, I was banned from participating in November’s darts tournament.

However, I’m a were-dragon. We like our revenge served up cold and well calculated.

The anniversary of my disgrace has passed, which would have been the obvious day for me to seek retribution. Most people have forgotten the whole incident.

But not me.

I know I look like any other old has-been reporter. I’m still hanging in there, digging up the political dirt in Seattle with the best of them, and yes, I tend to go on and on about the glory days. While that observation isn’t real flattering, it’s true. I drink more orange juice than is good for either of my livers, and I hang out here at the Drunken Sasquatch because I have nowhere else to go.

I don’t discuss it for obvious reasons, but during my years in the Middle East, Dan Dragonsworthy was far more than just a flying battle wagon. One thing I learned was how to be patient, and how to spot the chinks in your opponent’s armor.

I’ve been watching Alfredo since New Year’s Eve when Bloody Bill finally lifted my punishment and allowed me back. I don’t intend to harm the old bloodsucker, but I’m going to give him a taste of his own medicine. I’m a reporter—I know for a fact there are substances vampires shouldn’t ingest, and Alfredo may have forgotten that.

A vampire tripping on chocolate is bad for everyone. I’d never do that, especially to Alfredo. Fortunately, they don’t like the flavor of it.

However, they do have a passion for maraschino cherries, which can cause problems for the weaker willed vampire since those fruity morsels of goodness are frequently found wrapped in dark chocolate.

With one exception, the smart ones don’t succumb to temptation inside the Drunken Sasquatch, because Bloody Bill won’t tolerate that sort of behavior.

Most importantly for my purposes, vampires can’t tolerate coffee. On tiny amounts, they tend to pee themselves copiously, which the rest of us find hilarious. Vampires get quite huffy when their vampiric dignity is besmirched.

As if MY dignity meant nothing to me.

When you want to impress Alfredo, you buy him a jar of the special maraschino cherries from Italy, made with the best cherry liqueur. He can smell maraschino liqueur from anywhere in the room and, being a vampire, he lacks a conscience.

No maraschino is safe from Alfredo.

The annual Christmas party and the gift exchange drives him mad. Every witch, wizard, or elf has a recipe for that most wonderful of traditional holiday treats, maraschino chocolate cordials. These kind friends are always generous with their gifts to those of us who lack their magical culinary skills.

It’s more than his old vampire heart can stand, and despite having received his own jars of cherries sans-chocolate, he takes incredible risks.

I’ll give Alfredo credit—he’s good. I’ve watched him sneak up behind Grandma and suck the cherries out of a box of cordials without getting his fangs dirty. She suspected it was him but could never prove it. Fangs do leave holes, but it could have been any vampire.

It takes a brave (or desperate) vampire to mess with Grandma. I’d tell you to ask the Big Bad Wolf, but you can’t.

She’s wearing him.

So, anyway, last week, Grandma and I had a chat. I got on the internet and ordered the finest ingredients. They were delivered the day before yesterday, and she immediately got busy in the kitchen.

This year, one unattended box of cordials under the tree at the Drunken Sasquatch will have cherries in liqueur with unique centers. This particular batch will be vampire safe—no chance of accidental hallucinations here. Grandma created white-chocolate shells filled with Cherry brandy, with a maraschino cherry floating in the middle.

However, each cherry will be filled with a special coffee liqueur.

It will be a joy to watch Alfredo try to deny his culpability in this year’s draining of the maraschinos as the evidence spreads around his feet.

I hope vampire pee isn’t too acidic, although I’ve heard the stench is an excellent Zombie repellent, and no matter how you scrub, it’s impossible to get rid of the odor. Sylvia Wannamaker swears by it in a diluted form as a slug repellent in the garden, as using it there will turn your hydrangeas the brightest blue. They don’t make good cut flowers though, as they smell too bad to keep in the house.

I’m sure a pool of vampire urine won’t be as dangerous for the innocent bystanders as when he caused me to inadvertently belch fire in close quarters.

Come the day after this year’s Christmas party at the Drunken Sasquatch (even though his cash outlay won’t come near matching the damages I had to pay when he slipped me the Mickey) at least Alfredo will be out the cost of a new pair of boots.

And if he can’t find a good dry cleaner, he’ll be out the cost of replacing that gaudy, lace-trimmed, purple velvet suit he thinks is so stylish.

Grandma and I are both looking forward to this year’s party. Christmas could just become my favorite holiday.

To meet Alfredo, Grandma, and Sylvia Wannamaker, Dan’s next adventure, The Elevator Pitch,  is Available at Amazon for .99 cents.


Credits and Attributions:

Christmas at the Drunken Sasquatch, © 2016-2020 Connie J. Jasperson, All Rights Reserved. Originally published 02 December 2016, on Life in the Realm of Fantasy, and reprised on 26 December 2018.

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#FineArtFriday: Christmas Eve, Chromolithograph by Joseph C. Hoover & Sons (revisited)

No_Known_Restrictions_Christmas_Eve_by_J._Hoover,_no_date_LOC_2122063062

Description: Christmas Eve, chromolithograph by J. C. Hoover and Sons

Date: 1880

This is a quintessential calendar or Christmas card picture, and I love it. It appeals to every sentiment a viewer might have of home and community and Christmas traditions.

This painting has many nostalgic style elements, which is why I find it so appealing. It has a Courier and Ives feel to it, and is reminiscent of George Henry Durie’s work, although it was painted seventeen years after his death. I don’t know who the artist was that painted this picture as he or she isn’t credited. It could have been one of the sons, or one of the many women artists employed in the industry at the time.

A significant number of artists employed in the publishing industry during the 19th and early 20th century were women. They painted illustrations for greeting cards, books, magazines, and newspapers. Often women were not acknowledged as the original creators, although some, like Mary Cassatt, did achieve fame and credit for their work.

About the publisher, via Art and Antiques Gallery’s website:

Hoover & Sons issued popular prints for the masses in the last decade of the 19th century and the first decade of the 20th century. This was a business much like Currier & Ives, though Hoover & Sons issued chromolithographs. Joseph Hoover was one of the few native-born Americans who achieved success with chromolithography. Hoover started by making elaborate wood frames in Philadelphia in 1856, but within a decade or so he began to produce popular prints. Initially he mostly worked for other publishers, including Duval & Hunter, and he worked with noted Philadelphia artist James F. Queen. He also issued a few hand-colored, popular prints of considerable charm. During the Centennial, Hoover won a medal for excellence for his chromolithographs after Queens renderings.

In the 1880s, Hoover began to print chromolithographs, installing a complete printing plant by 1885. By the end of the century, his firm was one of the largest print publishers in the county, with an average annual production of between 600,000 to 700,000 pictures. Using chromolithography, Hoover was able to produce attractive, colorful prints that were still affordable for anyone to use as decoration for home and office. The audience for Hoover’s prints was quite wide, extending throughout the United States, and overseas to Canada, Mexico, England and Germany. The subjects issued by the firm are extensive, including genre scenes, still life images, views of American locations, and generic landscapes, including a series of charming winter scenes. [1]

About Chromolithography, via Wikipedia:

Chromolithography is a chemical process. The process is based on the rejection of water by grease. The image is applied to stone, grained zinc or aluminium surfaces, with a grease-based crayon or ink. Limestone and zinc are two commonly used materials in the production of chromolithographs, as aluminium corrodes easily. After the image is drawn onto one of these surfaces, the image is gummed-up with a gum arabic solution and weak nitric acid to desensitize the surface. Before printing, the image is proofed before finally inking up the image with oil-based transfer or printing ink. In the direct form of printing, the inked image is transferred under pressure onto a sheet of paper using a flat-bed press. The offset indirect method uses a rubber-covered cylinder that transfers the image from the printing surface to the paper.

Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography, introduced the subject of colored lithography in his 1818 Vollstaendiges Lehrbuch der Steindruckerey (A Complete Course of Lithography), where he told of his plans to print using colour and explained the colours he wished to be able to print someday. Although Senefelder recorded plans for chromolithography, printers in other countries, such as France and England, were also trying to find a new way to print in colour. Godefroy Engelmann of Mulhouse in France was awarded a patent on chromolithography in July 1837, but there are disputes over whether chromolithography was already in use before this date, as some sources say, pointing to areas of printing such as the production of playing cards. [2]


Credits and Attributions:

[1] Quote from Art and Antiques Gallery https://www.pbase.com/artandantiquesgallery/joseph_hoover_and_sons_prints (accessed December 24, 2021).

[2] Wikipedia contributors, “Chromolithography,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chromolithography&oldid=1058870233 (accessed December 24, 2021).

Image Credit: Public Domain. Library of Congress via pingnews. Additional information from source: TITLE: Christmas Eve CALL NUMBER: PGA – Hoover, J.–Christmas Eve (D size) [P&P] REPRODUCTION NUMBER: LC-DIG-01601 (digital file from original print) LC-USZ62-49683 (b&w film copy neg.) RIGHTS INFORMATION: No known restrictions on publication. MEDIUM: 1 print. CREATED/PUBLISHED: [no date recorded on shelflist card]

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My Writing Life—the Queen of Bags cooks #holidayfood

My hubby and I are dancing the end-of-the-year holiday hustle like everyone else, but I think we’re done shopping. Writing never stops, although some days, like today, the only words I get down are for this blog. The first two hours of my day are usually dedicated to writing.

MyWritingLife2021BI have planned the menu for Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, but a few things still need some forethought if I want those gatherings to go well. We’ve been invited to a New Year’s Eve potluck. I’m torn between making an avocado-cucumber-tomato salad or stuffed mushrooms—both are easy.

The recipe for the salad can be found here: Cucumber, Tomato, And Avocado Salad Recipe by Tasty, and the Vegan Stuffed Mushrooms can be found here: Vegan Stuffed Mushrooms | Minimalist Baker Recipes.

Maybe I’ll make both.

Books make the best gifts, in my opinion. One year, my parents enrolled me in the Nancy Drew Book Club. I received two volumes every month and usually read each in a single sitting. The Nancy Drew Library: Nancy Drew Book Club Picture Covers (nancydrewsleuth.com).

Today, I will finish wrapping the few presents that haven’t already gone out. I have always found that chore boring, but I am the Queen of Bags. All that is required is removing the price tag from the gift, folding a little tissue around it, and stuffing it into a fancy Christmas bag. Once I jam a little tissue in the top, we’re done—Christmas is served!

christmas-gift-bagsNo more tape in my hair, no more naughty words, and no more hunting for the scissors I just had in my hands.

It’s sad when the presents for the little ones are out from under our tree and under the trees in their homes because our tree looks a bit lonely. But not for long–we’ll soon have a few sparkly bags under there, a little something fun to open when our older son and a granddaughter and her husband arrive on Christmas day.

Everything I cook will be vegan except Greg’s turkey, and it will all be delicious. I will also make turkey gravy because our son looks forward to it—turkey gravy is his favorite part of Christmas dinner.

Yes, I make it, but don’t eat it. I make an onion and mushroom gravy for those of us who are vegan.

I make all the traditional dishes, substituting Earth Balance vegan margarine and almond or cashew milk for the dairy. I use a homemade vegetable broth to make the gravies and the cranberry-walnut stuffing.

Frans_Hals,_Merrymakers_at_Shrovetide,_The_Metropolitan_Museum_of_ArtThis is my recipe for the most delicious ONION AND MUSHROOM GRAVY:

Ingredients:

  • 3/4 cup white or button mushrooms, chopped
  • 1 small yellow or white onion, minced
  • 1/4 cup vegan plant butter (regular margarine often has milk lactose in it)
  • 2 1/4 cups vegetable broth (set aside ¼ cup to add to thickening)
  • ¼ cup good Marsala or Sherry wine
  • 2 tbsp soy sauce
  • Stir the reserved ¼ cup of vegetable broth into 1/4 cup flour, making a paste.
  • 1 tbsp poultry seasoning (or 1/2 tsp each of sage, thyme and marjoram)
  • salt and pepper to taste

Preparation:

In a large skillet, melt the vegan margarine and add onion and mushrooms. Sauté for just a minute or two over high heat.

Reduce heat to medium and add the marsala, deglazing the pan. Add the remaining 2 cups of vegetable broth and the soy sauce. Slowly whisk in the flour mixture, stirring well to prevent lumps from forming. Bring to a simmer or a low boil, then reduce heat.

I will also make Stuffed Butternut Squash halves for me and anyone choosing plant-based options instead of Turkey. These look restaurant-fancy, so I will make extra for the carnivores who’ll feel left out if I don’t.

STUFFED BUTTERNUT OR ACORN SQUASH

Ingredients: For 4 servings: 2 small butternut or acorn squash, split and cleaned. Sprinkle with salt and black pepper to taste (optional). Place hollow side up in baking dish and set aside. (I slice a bit off the bottom to give them a flat base, but it’s not necessary.) The remaining stuffing can be baked in a separate casserole as a side dish. Or the recipe will fill 3 or 4 squash (6 – 8 split halves), depending on the size of each squash. Small squashes are best for individual servings.

homemade croutons for stuffing1 bag bread cubes for stuffing, or 10 cups 1/2 inch bread cubes from 1 large loaf of day-old wheat or other sandwich bread. Sometimes I bake my own bread, sometimes not.

  • 2 Tbsp olive oil
  • 1 Tbsp minced fresh garlic (2 – 3 cloves)
  • 1 cup finely chopped onion
  • 1 1/2 cups finely chopped celery
  • ½ cup chopped pecans or walnuts (more or less to taste) (omit if allergic to tree nuts)
  • ½ cup chopped dried cranberries (more or less to taste)
  • 1/2 cup minced fresh parsley
  • 1 tsp dried rubbed sage leaf
  • 1 tsp dried thyme leaf
  • 1/2 tsp salt
  • 1/2 tsp black pepper
  • 2 – 3 cups vegetable stock OR 3 c. water + 3 veggie bouillon cubes

Stuffing Directions:

Preheat oven to 400 degrees F. Oil a large shallow casserole dish

If using fresh bread – cut it into cubes and spread them on a large baking sheet. Toast at 400 degrees in the oven until golden brown. Set aside in a large bowl.

Turn oven down to 350 degrees F.

Heat 2 Tbsp olive oil in a large skillet on medium heat. Sauté onions and celery until soft. Add garlic and sauté gently for two minutes (do not scorch!), then add nuts and cranberries and cook until soft. Add parsley, sage, thyme, salt if you choose, and pepper at the last minute to infuse their flavors into the mixture. Cook briefly.

Transfer the veggie mixture to the bowl of bread cubes using a rubber spatula.

  • Optional: Drizzle 1 Tbsp olive oil into the mixture
  • Stir until everything is well mixed
  • Add 2 cups vegetable stock and stir until it is absorbed. Add more stock as needed so the mixture is moist but not soggy.
  • Spoon the stuffing mixture into the split squash halves and cover each with foil. Place in a large baking dish, bake for 1 hour at 350 degrees (175 Celsius or Gas Mark 4) (I googled it for my friends across the pond!), and check for doneness. If needed, bake 1/2 hour longer.
  • Spoon the rest into a shallow casserole or baking dish, cover, and bake for 25 minutes. Optional: Uncover and bake for another 15 minutes to form a crusty top.

No matter your holiday traditions, may your table be laden with all the foods you love. May it be surrounded by the people you love, and may they just get along for that one hour.

And may they volunteer to clean up afterward.

Apple pie

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Redemption and the Scrooge within us #amwriting

When I am looking for a new book to read, I gravitate to stories of redemption. This is the time of year when I reread A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens or watch one of the many movie adaptations of it.

My Sister's Ornament, cjjaspThat timeless story was written in 1843 as a serialized novella. It has inspired a landslide of adaptations in both movies and books and remains one of the most beloved tales of redemption in the Western canon.

Charles Dickens was a master of storytelling, deftly employing hooks and heavy foreshadowing. But did you know that one of the most famous and inspirational books in the English language was self-published initially and didn’t do as well as the author intended? (How familiar is that?)

He began to write A Christmas Carol in September 1843, completing the book in six weeks, with the final pages written at the beginning of December.

As I mentioned before, this book is only a novella. It was comprised of 66 handwritten pages. Some people think they aren’t “a real author” if they don’t write a 900-page doorstop. Nonetheless, Dickens’s masterpiece shows us that novellas can offer some of the most enduring stories in modern literature.

Unfortunately, Dickens quarreled with his publisher over the meager earnings of his previous novel, Martin Chuzzlewit. He declined a lump-sum payment and chose a percentage of the profits, hoping to earn more.

Dickens then published A Christmas Carol in book form at his own expense. He had a vision of what he wanted the finished volume to look like, but publishing quality print books was as expensive then as it is now.

Publishing in those days involved printing and binding a book in house. In other words, Publishers owned the printing press and did the binding on their premises. It was a complicated, specialized craft. Some printers turned out better quality books than others, and some were better at selling books than others.

Indie publishing (both print and eBooks) is a breeze for me in today’s world, thanks to the fantastic people at Draft2Digital.

Dickens was unhappy with the appearance of the first edition of the tale. It contained drab, olive-colored endpapers that Dickens disliked.

The publisher, Chapman and Hall, quickly replaced them with yellow endpapers, but those clashed with the title page, which was then redone. The final product was bound in red cloth with gilt-edged pages and was completed only two days before the December 19, 1843 release date.

1024px-Charles_Dickens-A_Christmas_Carol-Title_page-First_edition_1843I wish he could have seen how beloved his creation is now, one hundred and eighty years later.

A Christmas Carol remains relevant even in today’s hyper-connected world. It resonates with us because of that deep, underlying call for compassion that resounds through the centuries and is, unfortunately, relevant in any era.

In the past, I have watched every single version of A Christmas Carol that could be found. Alastair Sims, George C. Scott, Patrick Stewart, Mr. Magoo, and Jim Carey occupied the small screen, reminding me of what is really important in life – love and family.  Even Mickey Mouse warmed the cockles of my heart in the role of Bob Cratchit.

Dickens shows us that poverty is not a lack of morals. Poverty is a systemic lack of opportunity and the resulting lack of cash.

Olympia is the capital city of Washington State and is in the midst of a homeless crisis. Sometimes, people I know socially (but not well) will sermonize about the lack of morals and laziness embodied by the street people in our town. This shows a lot about who they are as people. Lack of charity is something we believe we conceal. Casual comments on the perceived worthiness of others are a window into who we truly are underneath the mask we wear in public.

If one has ever moved back to live with family or friends because of illness, poor personal choices, or sudden unemployment, they should be a bit more understanding. They had someone to catch them when they fell from grace. Not everyone has family or friends willing to take them in.

And yes, my husband and I walk that talk. We took in my homeless, drug-addicted brother for three monumentally difficult years, but that struggle was worth it. He is clean and sober and back with his wife and living a productive life.

But you don’t need to open your home to someone you can’t endure living with. Donations of food and cash to food banks are needed year-round, not just at this time of the year.

And if you are able and want to do more, I can recommend the following charities as they are on the frontlines working to find solutions rather than applying an annual “band-aid” to the problem.

The Olympia Union Gospel Mission is on the street and working to lift addicts and the mentally ill out of the cycle of unemployment and homelessness. They provide meals, hygiene, and addiction recovery services to the homeless.

Clean Water for the World is an organization that provides simple, adaptable water purification systems to communities without access to potable water.

Heifer International | Ending Poverty and Caring for the Earth – Ending poverty begins with agriculture. Heifer International aims to end hunger and poverty sustainably by supporting and investing alongside local farmers and their communities.

I’ve mentioned before that my husband has Parkinson’s, and that is more than a minor inconvenience. But all that aside, we are happy, well-fed, and comfortable. I am grateful for the blessings we enjoy, and don’t worry about what we can’t change. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research | Parkinson’s Disease (michaeljfox.org) is working tirelessly to fund research into the skyrocketing specter of Parkinson’s disease. The search for the causes and ways to mitigate the symptoms is an ongoing struggle. It’s a worthy charity that we feel a deeply personal connection to.

Ghost_of_Christmas_Present_John_Leech_1843Charles Dickens showed us that charity and generosity to those less fortunate must become a year-round emotion. Our local community is a good place to start.

Maybe you are in a place of comfort and have extra money to share. If so, I encourage you to make donations to your local charities. If you have no extra, donating a few hours of your time is a good way to give thanks for the blessings you enjoy.

Numerous worthy charities abound, and all will benefit your local community in diverse ways. Any gift of time or money helps people you have never met, but who might be your neighbors.

That gives me a warm feeling, as comforting as a cup of cocoa and an evening spent before the TV reliving the redemption of Ebenezer Scrooge.


Credits and Attributions:

Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Christmascarol1843 — 040.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Christmascarol1843_–_040.jpg&oldid=329166198 (accessed December 17, 2023)

A colourised edit of an engraving of Charles Dickens’ “Ghost of Christmas Present” character, by John Leech in 1843. Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Ghost of Christmas Present John Leech 1843.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ghost_of_Christmas_Present_John_Leech_1843.jpg&oldid=329172654 (accessed December 17, 2023).

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#FineArtFriday: Winter landscape with bullfinches by Bruno Liljefors 1891

Bruno_Liljefors_-_Winter_landscape_with_bullfinches_1891Artist: Bruno Liljefors  (1860–1939)

Title: English: Winter landscape with bullfinches

Date: 1891

Medium: oil on canvas

Dimensions: height: 40 cm (15.7 in); width: 50 cm (19.6 in)

What I love about this painting:

This is a Christmas card kind of scene, and I’m sure I have seen it featured on many cards over the years. However, the birds are what attracted me to this painting. Birds of all varieties enthrall me, and these birds are gorgeous.

I love the colors of these bullfinches, love the natural way they are shown roosting in the shrubbery. These birds are European and are different from the bright yellow goldfinches I know here in the Pacific Northwest.

My childhood home had begun its life as a one room hunting cabin that had been converted to a mid-century rambler and turned into a family home in the 1950s. It was situated on a large stretch of beach on the southeastern shore of Black Lake near Olympia, Washington. Our property was centered in a thick forest of Douglas fir, western red cedars, and hemlock trees.

My parents were avid gardeners, and besides the large veggie garden and flower beds, we had many ornamental shrubs. Native Oregon Grape, salmon berries, and salal bordered the edges of our property.

One of my earliest memories is that of watching the winter birds. First, they perched in shrubs, then they flew off, and then they were back again.

Dark-eyed juncos, sparrows, and chickadees gathered in the shrubs. Larger birds, such as crows, owls, and ospreys roosted in the trees. On the lake, ducks, Canada geese, and grebes swam along with the occasional swan or loon.

Birdwatching provided endless entertainment during a time when our television antenna only picked up the signals from two stations. While we did see shows like Star Trek, Batman, Get Smart, and the Addams Family in the evenings, TV overall was a wash, as storms had cut the power to our home many times. Some winters were worse than others, and sometimes, we were without power for several weeks, waiting for the linemen to hook us back up.

To this day, birdwatching is one of my family’s favorite things to do.

About the Artist, via Wikipedia:

Bruno Andreas Liljefors, 14 May 1860 – 18 December 1939) was a Swedish artist. He is perhaps best known for his nature and animal motifs, especially with dramatic situations. He was the most important and probably most influential Swedish wildlife painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. He also drew some sequential picture stories, making him one of the early Swedish comic creators. [1]

To read more about the artist, go to Bruno Liljefors – Wikipedia.


Credits and Attributions:

IMAGE: Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Bruno Liljefors – Winter landscape with bullfinches 1891.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Bruno_Liljefors_-_Winter_landscape_with_bullfinches_1891.jpg&oldid=812150991 (accessed December 14, 2023).

[1] Wikipedia contributors, “Bruno Liljefors,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruno_Liljefors&oldid=1170413866 (accessed December 14, 2023).

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Revising short stories – working through the post-NaNoWriMo slump #amwriting

I write for at least two hours first thing every morning. Then ordinary life kicks in with cooking, housekeeping, appointments, lunches with friends—the days are full. I write in the evening too, as most TV shows don’t interest me.

MyWritingLife2021However, this year, I am experiencing something I haven’t before—the post-NaNoWriMo slump. My creativity levels are low, and my words seem reluctant to join the party. I know many authors who suffer through this, but since I began this journey in 2010, I have never experienced it.

The way I am dealing with this is to keep a notepad handy for writing down ideas that need to be included in the second-half outline for the current novel.

My analytical mind is operating at full force, so this is an excellent time to make revisions. Instead of forcing myself to write scenes I’m not interested in, I go to my files and pull out short stories that need revising. This way, I am moving forward despite my creative levels being a bit low.

Lucky Coffee CupMy first drafts tend to be ugly. The story emerges from my imagination and falls onto the paper (or keyboard), warts and all. Each first draft I can write “the end” on is a hot mess of repetitions, awkward phrasing, and cut-and-paste errors. I set them aside when they’re complete and often forget I’ve written them.

So now I have plenty of time to look at these stories analytically. Does the story arc flatline? Is the narrative rife with inadvertent repetition of ideas and reliance on crutch words? What is the boredom factor, and how can it be eliminated?

Those who regularly read my blog know I frequently repeat an idea phrased a bit differently further down the post. We all do this in our first drafts, and very few things are more “first draft” than a blog post.

print out the story or chapter and read it aloud. I use a yellow highlighter to mark each place where I stumble. By reading it aloud myself (instead of using the narrator app), I find passages that need rewording because they don’t make sense.

I find many other things that need addressing as well:

  • run-on sentences,
  • spell-check errors,
  • numerous small mistakes you don’t notice when reading through it on the computer screen,
  • Did I mention inadvertent repetitions?

they're their there cupThen, I turn to the last paragraph on the story’s final page and cover the rest of the page with a sheet of paper. I begin reading again, starting with the ending paragraph, working my way forward, and making notes in the margins.

You see things from a different angle when you start reading the chapter from the end and work your way toward the beginning. When I read it aloud the first time, I was going in the direction I always go, the way I know so well. The mind has its own version of autocorrect, so even though we try not to, we read what should be there instead of what is.

This admittedly involved process works for me because we don’t notice wonky grammar and mechanics as much when we see them on a computer screen.

I put the hand-corrected copy on a recipe stand (cheap to buy at Amazon) and set it beside my computer. Then, I open the manuscript and save it with a new file name labeled with the date. The date in the file label tells me which is the most recent version of a manuscript. That is the file I use for all my revisions.

My Coffee Cup © cjjasp 2013It works the same way for novels. I print out each chapter and go through the steps I described above. Then, I make the revisions in a new file labeled with the date and the word “revised.”

I keep the old files in a folder marked “outtakes” because a story might come along where I can reuse something I’ve already written.

A few things will be embarrassingly conspicuous when I read from the bottom to the top. The second version of repeated ideas are often phrased better than the first, and I go with the one that works best.

Accidental shifts in the spelling of names for people and places will be more visible. I keep a style sheet of how invented names and created words are spelled. I check to see if the word or name is listed and do a global search for each instance, changing it to the one I prefer.

What else do I find when reading forward from the end to the opening?

  • Places where I have contradicted myself, such as a town being north of the main character’s location, but they travel south to get there.
  • Punctuation errors and missing quotation marks also stand out when I see them printed.

I sometimes forget to make a note of made-up words and usages when I am really into writing. The list can take several forms, but even a simple handwritten page will do. I work in MS Word which makes it easy to copy and paste every invented name, hyphenated word, or placename to a separate document the first time they appear in my manuscript. I use an Excel spreadsheet for this list (called a style sheet) because I was a bookkeeper for a lot of years and like the program.

neveyah stylesheetYou can get fancy and use a dedicated writer’s program like Scrivener (too complicated for my squirrel brain) or a simple sheet of paper. The internet is full of software for writers, and here is an article to tell you all about them: Book Writing Software (2023): Top 10 Pieces of Software for Writers (thewritepractice.com)

All that’s needed is a list of how you want invented words spelled so that you can ensure they are consistent.

So, if you’re experiencing a little bit of the doldrums, take a look at work you might have shelved. You might find that it needs some sprucing up to make it ready to submit somewhere, but it will be worth it. January and February will see a surge of open calls for contests and anthologies, and you may have something worth submitting.

If you don’t try, you’ll never know.

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Industry news, what I am reading and #amwriting

We have entered the darkest time of the year, and while the sun occasionally bursts through the dark and gloomy overcast skies, the monsoon months have arrived. The eternal rain has set in, which I don’t mind as much as some folks do. Rain in the winter means plenty of water during summer, which can be very dry here in the Puget Sound basin.

MyWritingLife2021BBut we’d prefer the snow to stay in the mountains where it belongs. Something about the slightest dusting sends the Pacific Northwest into a panic.

I write every day, no matter the season. However, December is a busy, scattered time for me, with a lot of random cooking and partying. As far as writing goes, it’s a month of inspiration racing up the steps, ringing the doorbell, and then running away.

Thus, I make notes of those random thoughts. At some point, I’ll be able to focus well enough to wrestle the Kraken that is my current manuscript, into shape. I’m still plotting the second half of this novel. Last week I managed to cut out two novellas and a short story’s worth of words out of the NaNoWriMo mess though, so that was fun. (Not.)

In the meantime, I’ve been enjoying a little downtime, reading and playing games. So, what have I been reading? Magazine articles mostly.

I’m an indie and am responsible for the success or failure of my books when it comes to marketing, which is not my strong point. But as always, the overall trends of the publishing industry interest me. What follows are the teasers and links to the more thought-provoking things I read this week.

Here is an article that is not recent, but is pertinent to our era of publishing, of writing blogs and publishing as an indie. Read the story here: Skills and Strategies | Understanding Plagiarism in a Digital Age – The New York Times (nytimes.com)

My Coffee Cup © cjjasp 2013BBC: From memoir and self-care books to comic novels, writing about our flaws and imperfections has never been so popular. But can failing ever be a success? Lindsay Baker explores this question. Read the story here: Is failure the new success? (bbc.com)

BBC: Audiobooks are having a moment. As they soar in popularity, they are becoming increasingly creative – is the book you listen to now an artform in its own right? Clare Thorp discusses this phenomenon. Read the story hereThe rise of the books you don’t read (bbc.com)

So, what else is going on in the publishing industry? Let’s have a look at the articles that caught my eye this last week:

NEW YORK, NY (AP) — Book publishing in 2023 was a story of cooling sales and rising conflict, marked by legal action, protests, censorship and the impact of forces well beyond the industry. Read the story here: 2023 in books: Protests, bannings and rise of AI helped shape the story of publishing – ABC News (go.com)

AP NEWs: The nation’s largest publisher and several bestselling authors, including novelists John Green and Jodi Picoult, are part of a lawsuit filed Thursday challenging Iowa’s new law that bans public school libraries and classrooms from having practically any book that depicts sexual activity. Read the story here: Publishing industry heavy-hitters sue Iowa over state’s new school book-banning law | AP News

NBC NEWS: Yahoo News reports that there has been a years-long surge in LGBTQ fiction sales. Read the story here: A ‘renaissance of gay literature’ marks a turning point for publishing (yahoo.com)

Publishers Weekly: This year’s Guadalajara International Book Fair (FIL), which ran November 25–December 3, drew 857,000 attendees, up from 807,000 in 2022 and 828,000 in 2019. While the fair always attracts several hundred U.S. librarians, who attend to buy Spanish-language titles, more U.S. publishers went to the fair this year than in past years—a sign that business between the U.S. and Mexican markets is growing. Read the story here: Guadalajara Book Fair Attracts More Americans (publishersweekly.com)

Pw06Also from Publishers Weekly: A confident mood prevailed among independent booksellers over this November holiday sales weekend. (…) Sales data from Circana BookScan showed that, in a year in which overall unit sales of print books are down 3.3%, sales were up 1.4% for the Thanksgiving week ending November 25, over the comparable week in 2022. Read the story here:  The Holiday Season Looks Promising for Indie Bookstores (publishersweekly.com)

So, there you have it, the articles that caught my eye this week when I was sitting at my computer and pretending to work. Now, I suppose I should go and release the Kraken—or at least get to work on that outline.


Credits and Attributions:

Cover of November 6, 2006 issue Publishers Weekly, © 2006 Publishers Weekly (Fair Use). Wikipedia contributors, “Publishers Weekly,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Publishers_Weekly&oldid=1180527918 (accessed December 10, 2023).

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#FineArtFriday: Hunters in the Snow by Pieter Brueghel the Elder 1565

Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder_-_Hunters_in_the_Snow_(Winter)_-_Google_Art_ProjectArtist: Pieter Brueghel the Elder (1526/1530–1569)

Title: English: Hunters in the Snow (German: Jäger im Schnee) (Winter)

Date: 1565

Medium: oil on oak wood

Dimensions: height: 1,170 mm (46.06 in); width: 1,620 mm (63.77 in)

Collection: Kunsthistorisches Museum

What I love about this painting:

This is one of Pieter Brueghel the Elder’s most famous paintings. Even if one doesn’t know who originally painted it, they have very likely seen it at some point, perhaps on a calendar or a Christmas card.

Critics didn’t praise his work, as it is unabashedly primitive, created for the common person’s enjoyment. Nonetheless, his work is still highly prized by collectors. Even now, four centuries after his era, ordinary people can relate to his work because he had such a sense of humor and the ability to show the truth about humanity and inhumanity in his work.

He lived during a time of religious revolution in the Netherlands, and walking the line between both factions must have been difficult. Some have said that Bruegel (and possibly his patron) were attempting to portray an ideal of what country life used to be or what they wish it to be.

I disagree. On the surface and from a distance, this is a bucolic scene depicting ordinary peasants enjoying the winter. But when you look deeper, really look at it, you can see the irony of it, the honesty that Brueghel hid in plain sight.

Brueghel used symbolism to convey paradox and gallows humor in every painting. Winter was harsh and for the average person, survival required a lot of work, sometimes for nothing.

He shows us the hunters returning with empty game bags, the lone corpse of a skinny fox, and little else. One dog looks at us with starving eyes, as if hoping for scraps.

detai_Dogs_hunters_in_the_snow_Brueghel

The tavern’s sign is about to fall down, a large hint that all is not well. That symbolic broken sign tells us the owners are bankrupt.

detai_sign_hunters_in_the_snow_Brueghel

The owners are cooking outside, directly in front of the door. A woman brings a bundle of straw out of the inn to use as fuel, while in the distance an ox-drawn wagon is heavily laden with firewood. Where is it going? Not to their inn, that is for sure. And most intriguingly, a man is carrying a table away. Is he the tax collector? A thief?

detai_innkeeprs_cooking_hunters_in_the_snow_Brueghel

A rabbit has crossed the hunters’ path and evaded their snares.

detai_rabbit_tracks_hunters_in_the_snow_Brueghel

Birds of ill omen roost in the trees above the inn and the hunters and fly above the revelers, a portent of worse days to come.

detai_birds_hunters_in_the_snow_Brueghel

But Brueghel’s people have hope and faith that things will improve. In the distance (the future) people are playing winter games.

detai_skaters_hunters_in_the_snow_BrueghelBut they are indistinct and far away, shown in a fantastic, mountainous landscape, rather than the flat terrain of the Netherlands. It is almost as if they are visions of what winter could be when the harvest had been good, rather than the truth of the lone fox, hounds with empty bellies, a bankrupt tavern, and the rabbit that got away.

About this painting, via Wikipedia, the Fount of All Knowledge:

The Hunters in the Snow (Dutch: Jagers in de Sneeuw), also known as The Return of the Hunters, is a 1565 oil-on-wood painting by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. The Northern Renaissance work is one of a series of works, five of which still survive, that depict different times of the year. The painting is in the collection of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in ViennaAustria. This scene is set in the depths of winter during December/January.

The painting shows a wintry scene in which three hunters are returning from an expedition accompanied by their dogs. By appearances the outing was not successful; the hunters appear to trudge wearily, and the dogs appear downtrodden and miserable. One man carries the “meager corpse of a fox” illustrating the paucity of the hunt. In front of the hunters in the snow are the footprints of a rabbit or hare—which has escaped or been missed by the hunters. The overall visual impression is one of a calm, cold, overcast day; the colors are muted whites and grays, the trees are bare of leaves, and wood smoke hangs in the air. Several adults and a child prepare food at an inn with an outside fire. Of interest are the jagged mountain peaks which do not exist in Belgium or Holland. [1]


Credits and Attributions:

Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Pieter Bruegel the Elder – Hunters in the Snow (Winter) – Google Art Project.jpg,” Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder_-_Hunters_in_the_Snow_(Winter)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg&oldid=723208718 (accessed December 6, 2023).

[1] Wikipedia contributors, “The Hunters in the Snow,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Hunters_in_the_Snow&oldid=1186886152 (accessed December 6, 2023).

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Motivation, and the Council of Elrond #amwriting

Authors talk a lot about motivation, often speaking in general terms. In a writing group, if a fellow member is stuck, we will ask them what their characters want most and what they’re willing to do to obtain it.

writing craft functions of the sceneThat question is a good place to start, but it is only the surface layer of the pond.

  • Motivation is sometimes defined as the overall quest.
  • Motives are more intimate, secrets held closely by the characters.

I like to use a watershed scene from the book The Fellowship of the Ring, as an example of this. If you have only seen the movie, you haven’t seen the real story as Tolkien himself told it. Let’s look at the Council of Elrond.

This scene is the only one where most of the characters are gathered in one place. They are there to decide who will mount the quest to destroy the One Ring. The scene is set in Rivendell, Elrond’s remote mountain citadel.

Each character attending the council has arrived there on a separate errand. Each has different hopes for what will ultimately come from the meeting. Despite their various agendas, each is ultimately concerned with the Ring of Power. Each wants to protect their people from Sauron’s depredations if he were to regain possession of it.

This scene serves several functions:

Information/Revelation: The Council of Elrond conveys information to both the protagonists and readers.

the fellowship of the ringIt is a conversation scene, driven by the fact that each person in the meeting has knowledge the others need. Conversations are good when they deploy necessary information. Remember, plot points are driven by the characters who have critical knowledge.

The fact that some characters are working with limited information creates tension. At the Council of Elrond, many things are discussed, and the whole story of the One Ring is explained, with each character offering a new piece of the puzzle. The reader and the characters receive the information simultaneously at this point in the novel.

Every person in the Fellowship is motivated by the need to keep the One Ring from falling into Sauron’s hands. This is the acknowledged reason for their accompanying Frodo and is the core plot point around which the story unfolds.

Yet, everyone attending the council has an unspoken agenda that will affect Frodo’s mission. Ultimately, those secret motives are the undoing of some and the making of others.

Samwise is a loyal friend who refuses to leave Frodo’s side. Fear that Frodo will need him forces him to insist on being included.

Pippin and Merry have similar but different reasons—they don’t want to be left out if Frodo and Sam are going on an adventure. Their motives are simple at the outset but become more complicated as their stories diverge and unfold.

Boromir desires the Ring for what he believes is a noble purpose and intends to take it to Minas Tirith. He knows the power of the Ring and believes that if he possesses it, Gondor will return to its former glory and be safe forever. He will rule the world with a just hand.

Thus, Boromir’s true motive is a quest for personal power. His agenda kicks into place at Amon Hen.

The Council of Elrond serves several functions:

The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring_coverInformation/Revelation: The Council of Elrond conveys information to both the protagonists and readers. It is a conversation scene, driven by the fact that each person in the meeting has knowledge the others need. Plot points are propelled by the characters who have critical knowledge. Again, limited information creates tension.

Interracial bigotry emerges, and a confrontation ensues. At the Council of Elrond, long-simmering racial tensions between Gimli the Dwarf and Legolas the Elf surface. Each is confrontational by nature, and it’s doubtful whether they will agree to work together.

Sometimes, a verbal confrontation gives the reader the context needed to understand why the action occurred. The conversation and reaction give the scene context, which is critical. A scene that is all action can be confusing if it has no context.

Other conflicts are explored, and heated exchanges occur between Aragorn and Boromir.

Pacing: We have action/confrontation in this vignette, followed by conversation and the characters’ reactions.

Negotiation: What concessions will be required to achieve the final goal? These concessions must be negotiated.

First, Tom Bombadil is mentioned as one who could safely take the Ring to Mordor as it has no power over him. Gandalf feels he would simply lose the Ring or give it away because Tom lives in his own reality and doesn’t see Sauron as a problem.

Bilbo volunteers, but he is too old and frail. Others offer, but none are accepted as good candidates for the job of ring-bearer for one reason or another.

Each justification Gandalf and Elrond offer for why these characters are wrong for the job deploys a tidbit of information the reader needs.

Turning Point: After much discussion, revelations, and bitter arguments, Frodo declares that he will go to Mordor and dispose of the Ring, giving up his chance to live his remaining life in the comfort and safety of Rivendell. Sam emerges from his hiding place and demands to be allowed to accompany Frodo. This is the turning point of the story.

The_Lord_of_the_Rings_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring_(2001)_theatrical_posterThe movie portrays this scene differently, with Pip and Merry hiding in the shadows. Also, in the book, the decision about who will accompany Frodo, other than Sam, is not made for several days, while the movie shortens it to one day.

The fundamental laws of physics, the rules that govern the universe, are in force here: Everything in that chapter happens for a reason. There is always a causative factor.

  • Without a cause, there is no effect.
  • Cause is motivation.
  • Effect becomes cause, which becomes motivation.
  • Motivation is a chain reaction of cause and effect, which becomes the story.

And it’s all traceable back to the character’s desire to do or have something.

Characters that feel too shallow sometimes lack sufficient personal motivations. The reader can’t see why they would buy into the larger quest.

If we have supplied each character with a secret backstory, those hinted-at motives can sometimes push the story into newer, more original waters.

And, isn’t that what we readers are looking for? We read because we are searching for a story that feels new, one that offers us a fresh view of the world through the characters’ eyes.


Credits and Attributions:

The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Rings, Theatrical release poster, New Line Cinema, © 2001, all rights reserved. Wikipedia contributors, “The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring&oldid=1186704895 (accessed December 3, 2023). Fair Use.

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