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#NovemberWriter: When Inspiration Fails #writing

We are now well into week one of November. Week one of a thirty-day writing challenge is the danger week. Once the first rush of creativity passes, many writers will give up. They experience a momentary lull in creativity and don’t have the tools to visualize what to write next.

Olympia Rebel Writers Sticker 2024The well of inspiration runs dry and they quit. Many will never attempt to write again, although they will always consider themselves secretly a writer.

Rather than worrying about word count, I suggest setting a more reasonable goal. If you are new at this, I suggest a goal of writing at least one paragraph a day. Write something each day for thirty days, and you will be surprised at what you produce.

I have solutions for overcoming the roadblocks that daily life throws up. And believe me, when you are caregiver for a spouse with late-stage Parkinson’s, life tends to vomit roadblocks.

PostItNotePadThe first one is one I developed when working in corporate America. Frequently, my best ideas came to me while I was at my job. If your employment isn’t a work-from-home job, using the note-taking app on your cellphone to take notes during business hours will be frowned upon. To work around that, keep a pocket-sized notebook and pen to write those ideas down as they come to you.

It’s old-school, but it worked because you don’t appear distracted or off-task.

Ideas come to me when I stop forcing my brain to work when it’s on its last legs. Strangely, cleaning and organizing my living space allows my mind to rest. Taking the time to wash dishes or clean the house helps reset my short-circuited creative mind.

But getting outside and walking helps even more. I suggest taking a notebook or dictating into your note-taking app.

Sometimes, we write an action scene that doesn’t advance a story. Arcs of action drive plots. Every reader knows this, and every writer tries to incorporate that knowledge into their work.

But some scenes don’t advance a story because they are examples of random mind wandering.

Don’t throw it out. Keep it and maybe you can use it in a different story. ALL writing is good for you, so set what doesn’t work for your current work aside. Keep on mind wandering and writing scenes.

Who knows what will grow from those seeds?

tabs of a stylesheet

I go somewhere quiet and ask myself questions about the story I’m stalled on. I carry a notebook and make a list of the answers. I write an idea here and another there, and soon I have a plot.

Novels begin a certain way: at the story’s outset, we find our protagonist and see them in their familiar surroundings. The inciting incident occurs once we have met them.

But maybe we don’t have any idea what sort of bad thing happens. Maybe we’re still doing character creation, and that is okay.

If you’re stuck, it sometimes helps to go back to the beginning and consider the following questions:

  • What is the goal/objective? What do they want?
  • Is that objective important enough to warrant risking everything to acquire it?
  • What could the protagonist face that will challenge their moral values and sense of personal honor?
  • How could this force the protagonist to become stronger?
  • Who is the antagonist? What do they want, and what are they willing to do to achieve it?
  • Does the enemy face ethical quandaries, too?

Wrong-Way-Traffic-Sign-K-101-1Every obstacle we throw in the path to happiness for the protagonists and their opposition shapes the narrative’s direction and alters the characters’ personal growth arcs. As you clarify why the protagonist must struggle to achieve their goal, the words will come.

I write my ideas down and the broad outline of a story evolves.

  • I keep my notes in an Excel workbook. It contains maps, calendars, and everything pertaining to any novel set in that world, keeping it in one easy-to-find place.
  • When logic forces change to the plot, and it always does, I go to my storyboard and update my plot outline, calendar, or maps.

When your creative mind needs to rest, step away from the keyboard and do something different. I find that when I take a break to cook or clean out a corner, ideas for what to do next in my novel will occur to me. These little flashes of inspiration carry me a few chapters further into the story.

dead catFinally, let’s talk about murder as a way to kickstart your inspiration. Some people recommend it but I suggest you don’t resort to suddenly killing off characters just to get your mind working. You may need that character later, so plan your deaths accordingly.

  • Readers become angry with authors who casually kill off characters they have grown to like.

When a particular death is planned from the beginning, it is one thing. But developing characters is a lot of work. If you kill off someone with an important role, who or what will you replace them with?

Above all, relax. It’s November, a good month for writing. Write something every day, even if it is only a paragraph that has no relationship to anything else. The goal is to develop the habit of writing every day.

Perhaps you should write a haiku:

November writers

Inking worlds on paper.

Leaves fall, writers write.

Whatever you come up with, it will have to be better than that travesty!

To learn about the haiku and perhaps write one of your own, check out this website. It’s fun and it’s free! Haiku Checker – Check Haiku syllable and line counts!

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#NovemberWriter: Creating Plausible Magic and Legitimate Science #writing #PrepTober

Many authors will begin writing novels on November 1st. Some will be genre fiction such as fantasy, romance, or sci-fi, etc. I read sci-fi and seek out fantasy, but I’m also a born skeptic.

MyWritingLife2021BLogic is an area many first-time authors ignore because some magic or theoretical science they believe is original has captured their imagination. Taken individually, these ideas may be good, but if the author doesn’t thoroughly think it through, the reader won’t be able to suspend their disbelief.

Science and magic are two sides of the personal-power coin. Therefore, the tropes of science, the paranormal, and magic must be written in such a way that we can easily and wholeheartedly suspend our disbelief.

Open your storyboard if you have one and create a new page or open a new document. Title the document “Rules for the Paranormal” and save it in your story file. (Or Rules for Science, or Magic, etc.).

You are going to develop a system that describes the limits of your chosen trope. By creating unbreakable boundaries, you create opportunities for conflict.

Hint: make a “glossary,” a list of the proper spellings for all words that relate to or are unique to the kind of skill your characters have access to. Trust me, this will save your sanity later on.

In designing a story where superpowers, super weapons, or magic are crucial elements, we have to keep an important idea in mind:

  • Science is not magic.

scienceThe writer of true science fiction must know the difference, especially when creating possible weapons. Superweapons and superpowers are science-based. Think Stan Lee’s Spider-Man. The theory behind superweapons and /or superpowers might be improbable. But it’s logical and rooted in the realm of theoretical physics.

Authors of sci-fi must research their ideas and understand the scientific method. This way of testing and evaluation objectively explains nature and the world around us in a reproducible way. Sci-fi authors must look things up, read scientific papers, and ask questions.

An important thing for authors to understand is who their intended readers are. Those who read and write hard science fiction are often employed in various fields of science, technology, or education in some capacity. They know the difference between physics and fantasy.

The paranormal is not science or magic. It is something else entirely and works best when the opening pages establish that the supernatural exists as a part of that world but has limitations. The paranormal should follow a logic of some sort. Start with a premise: Ghosts, vampires, shapeshifters, werewolves, or any kind of supernatural entity exist in that world.

Ask yourself, what are the conditions under which they cannot exist?

  • If ghosts, can they interact with the physical world? Why or why not?
  • What powers do the paranormal characters have?
  • Under what conditions do their powers not work?
  • What harms them? (Sunlight? A silver bullet? Something must be their kryptonite, or there is no story.)

Magic is not science, but it should be.

magicMagic works best when the local population in that world accepts that it exists and has limitations. When you think about it, magic should only be possible if certain conditions have been met. It should follow a set of rules.

For me, magic as an element of a fantasy novel only works under the following conditions:

  • the number of people who can use it is limited.
  • the ways in which it can be used are limited.
  • the majority of mages are limited to one or two kinds of magic and only certain mages can use every type of magic.
  • there are strict, inviolable rules regarding what each brand of magic can do and the conditions under which it will work.
  • there are some conditions under which the magic will not work.
  • the damage it can do as a weapon or the healing it can perform is limited.
  • the mage or healer pays a physical/emotional price for the use of magic.
  • the mage or healer pays a hefty price for abusing their gifts.
  • the learning curve is steep and sometimes lethal.
  • Is your magic spell-based rather than biological/empathic?
  • If magic is spell-based, can any reasonably intelligent person learn it if they find a teacher or are accepted into a school?

Fulfilling these conditions sets the stage for you to create the science of magic. This is an underlying, invisible layer of the world. By creating and following the arbitrary rules of this “science,” your story won’t contradict itself.

What challenges do your characters have to overcome when learning to wield their magic/superpower or super weapon?

  • Is the character born with the ability to use the superpower or magic? Or was it learned or conferred?
  • Are they unable to fully use their abilities?
  • If not, why not?
  • How does their inability affect their companions?
  • How is their self-confidence affected by this inability?
  • Do the companions also face learning curves?
  • What has to happen before your hero can fully realize their abilities?

Personal power and the desire for dominance are where the concepts of science, magic, and the paranormal converge.

In all my favorite science fiction and fantasy novels, the enemy has access to equal or better science/magic/superpower. How the protagonists overcome their limitations is the story.

Epic Fails memeConflict forces the characters out of their comfortable environment. The roadblocks you put up force the protagonist to be creative. Through that creativity, your characters become stronger than they believe they are.

You must also clearly state the limits of science for the antagonist. Take the time to write it out and be sure the logic has no hidden flaws. If the protagonist and their enemy are not from the same school of magic or science, you should take the time to write out what makes them different and why they don’t converge.

That document is just for your reference. When you create a science, technology, or magic system, you build a hidden framework that will support and advance your plot.

Within those systems, there can be an occasional exception to a rule. However, a good reason for that exception must exist, and it must be clear to the reader why that exception is acceptable.

An important thing to consider when using magic or technology is this: the only time the reader needs to be informed that these systems exist is when the characters need new information, and only if that knowledge affects their actions. Otherwise, write the chosen trope as if it is a natural part of the environment rather than wasting words on a needless info dump.

Everything will be in place for a free-wheeling dive into the consequences of your protagonist’s struggle.

The fundamental tropes of science, magic, or superpowers offer your characters opportunities for success. But to be believable, those opportunities must not be free and unlimited.

Magic, science, and superpowers share common ground in one area—they offer characters an edge in whatever struggle they face.

30 days 50000 wordsHowever, neither science nor magic can support a poorly conceived novel. Science, the supernatural, and magic are just tropes, tools we use to help tell the story. Strong, charismatic characters, mighty struggles, and severe consequences for failure make a brilliant novel.

Do a little planning now so that when you begin writing your novel, you will see your characters clearly. You will know what they are capable of and what they can’t do. Those limitations will offer you many opportunities to take the story in an original direction.

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#NovemberWriter: How the story ends, and how it begins #writing #PrepTober

Today, we’re continuing to prep our novel by thinking about the arc of a plot and the story our characters will live out on the page.

We’ll start by jumping to the end.

Olympia Rebel Writers Sticker 2024(I know it’s rude to read the end of a book before you even begin it, but I am the kind of writer who needs to know how it ends before I can write the beginning.)

Julian Lackland was my first completed novel. The first draft of this novel was my 2010 NaNoWriMo project. The entire novel was inspired by a short story of about 2500 words that I had written about an elderly knight-at-large. Julian was a Don Quixote type of character and he had returned to the town where he had spent his happiest days in a mercenary crew.

Golden Beau, Julian’s life-partner has died. Julian enters the town and finds it completely changed. The town has grown so large that he becomes lost. Julian talks to his horse, telling him how wonderful the place they are going to is and all about the people he once knew and loved. When he does find the inn that he’s looking for, nothing is what he expects.

Julian_Lackland Cover 2019 for BowkersOn October 28, 2010, I was scrambling, trying to find something I could write, but my thoughts kept returning to the old man’s story. The innkeeper had referred to him as the Great Knight, stupidly brave but harmlessly insane. Had he always been that way? Who had he been when he was young and strong? Who did he love? How did Julian end up alone if the three of them, Julian, Beau, and Mags, were madly in love with each other?

What was their story? On November 1, I found myself keying the hokiest opening lines ever written, and from those lines emerged the story of an innkeeper, a bard, three mercenary knights, and the love triangle that covered fifty years of Julian’s life.

If I know how the story will end, I can build a plot to that point. This year, in November, I plan to finish a novel that has been on the back burner for five years.

I know how it will end because it is a historical sidenote in the Tower of Bones series. The story is canon because it has always been mentioned as a children’s story, the tale of an impossibly brave hero who does amazing and impossible things.

The novel separates Aelfrid-the-shaman from the myth of Aelfrid Firesword. It details both the founding of the Temple and the truth about Daryk, the rogue-mage who nearly destroyed it all.

I have written a synopsis of what I think will be the final chapters of Aelfrid’s story. It consists of two pages and is less than a thousand words.  Each paragraph details a chapter’s events, and I’ve included a few words detailing my ideas for the characters’ moods and the general emotional atmosphere.

The way the final battle ends is canon. I have some notes, but I will choreograph the actual battle when I get to it. It is pivotal, but I won’t drag it out. I’ll show the crucial encounters and tell the minor ones, as I dislike reading drawn-out fight scenes and usually skip over them, just reading the high points.

So now, let’s go back and look at the place where the story begins. We want to focus on the day that changed everything because that is the moment we open the story.

plotting as a family picnicI suggest writing a short synopsis of the story as you see it now. This will be as useful as an outline but isn’t as detailed. It will allow you to riff on each idea as it comes to you and is a great way to develop the storyline.

Open the document and look at page one. Let’s put the protagonists in their familiar environment in the opening paragraphs. This chapter is the hook, the “Oh, my God! This happened to these nice people! chapter.” This chapter is where the author can hook or lose the reader.

How? We see the protagonist content in their life, or mostly so. A nice cup of tea might start the day, but by evening, a chain of events has begun. A stone has begun rolling downhill, the first incident that will become an avalanche of problems our protagonist must solve.

But how do we lose the reader when this is the most coolest, bestest story ever written?

When we are new in this craft, we have a burning desire to front-load the history of our characters into the story so the reader will know who they are and what the story is about.

Don’t do it.

plottingLIRF07122020Fortunately for me, my writers’ group is made up of industry professionals, and one in particular, Lee French, has an unerring eye for where the story a reader wants to know begins.

I have to remind myself that the first draft is the thinking draft. In many ways, it’s a highly detailed outline, the document in which we build worlds, design characters, and forge relationships.

  • The first draft, the November Novel, is the manuscript in which the story grows as we add to it.

We need a finite starting point, an incident of interest. If you’re like me, you have ideas for the ending, so you have a goal to write to. At this point, the middle of the story is murky, but it will come to you as you write toward the conclusion.

The inciting incident is the beginning because this is the point where all the essential characters are in one place and are introduced:

  • The reader meets the antagonist and sees them in all their power.
  • The protagonistknows one thing—the antagonist must be stopped. But how?

The story kicks into gear at the first pinch point because the protagonist’s comfortable existence is at risk.

What else will emerge over the following 60,000 or more words (lots more in my case)?

storyArcLIRF10032021The protagonist will find this information out as the story progresses and only when they need to know it. With that knowledge, they will realize they’re doomed no matter what, but they’re filled with the determination that if they go down, they will take the enemy down, too.

If you dump a bunch of history at the beginning, the reader has no reason to go any further. You have wasted words on something that doesn’t advance the plot and doesn’t intrigue the reader.

As you write, the people who will help our hapless protagonist will enter the story. They will arrive as they are needed. Each person will add information the reader wants, but only when the protagonist requires it. Some characters, people who can offer the most help, will be held back until the final half of the story.

We know how the story begins, and we know how it ends. The middle will write itself, and by the end of the novel, the reader will have acquired what they want to know.

With the last bits of information, the final pieces of the puzzle will fall into place. The promise of gaining all that knowledge is the carrot that keeps the reader involved in the book.

For the last #PrepTober installment, we will look at science and magic and why it’s important to start out knowing the rules for each.

panster-planner-planner-stpery-arc-10012021LIRF

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#NovemberWriter: Preparing to speed-date your muse #preptober #writing

November is National Novel Writing Month—and I am and always will be a November Writer. It’s the month I dedicate to writing new material. However, I no longer participate in the organization known as NaNoWriMo.

MyWritingLife2021I was a dedicated municipal liaison for the Olympia, Washington Region for twelve years and a regular financial donor, but I walked away after the organization’s implosion last November. I will get my 50,000 new words in November but will not sign up to participate through the NaNoWriMo website.

Instead, my region is preparing to go rogue with our own creative contest, milestones, and rewards. We stay connected through our Facebook page and our Discord Channel.

Last year’s tomfoolery within the national organization’s headquarters included accusations of ignoring child endangerment and grooming in a particular forum, rumors of mismanaged donations (never substantiated), and the overt power grab and subsequent “cleansing of MLs” by NaNo HQ’s new regime. Those shenanigans have poisoned the waters for me.

This Lit Hub article was the capper—I’m walking away from what was once the best part of my writing life. NaNoWriMo defends writing with AI and pisses off the whole internet. ‹ Literary Hub (lithub.com)

Whether you choose to go the NaNoWriMo route and participate through their website or go rogue like me, October is #Preptober, and the world is full of writing challenges to participate in.

Olympia Rebel Writers Sticker 2024Set your goal, keep a record of your daily word count or pages edited, or whatever, and let National Novel Writing Month be your month to achieve your goals. I have had buttons and stickers made as rewards for our region’s writers, and we will have write-ins as we have always done.

We are committed to supporting all writers, whether they are traditionalists participating through the national website or rogue writers, and the community we have built over the last twelve years remains strong. More than ever, we are committed to our original goals of writing a novel (or completing a project) in 30 days.

National Novel Writing Month is about accountability. We set goals and devote thirty days to working toward certain milestones. Each milestone we achieve gets us closer to a finished project. On November 30th, we can look back and take pride in what we have accomplished in only thirty days.

So, what is #Preptober all about? It’s getting ready to spend 30 days writing new words, self-editing last year’s novel, or any number of creative projects.

During the month of November, before my husband’s Parkinson’s became a problem, I might pound out 60,000 or so words, but my novels were only half finished at that point. Maybe a year or so later, I would have a coherent first draft that tops out at around 120,000 words. Three more years and six or eight drafts later, my novel was publishable at about 90,000 words.

For me, succeeding at getting the bare bones of a novel’s first draft written during the 30 days of November requires a pre-flight checklist. The checklist becomes my permanent stylesheet/outline for that novel.

I found Excel useful when I first began writing, and I use it to this day to keep my plots and background information organized. I also use Excel to keep track of my daily word count. This was my personal April challenge–unfortunately my husband was hospitalized before the end of the challenge, so my word count ends before April 30th:

Word count spreadsheet

Google Docs, pencil and paper—ANY document or spreadsheet program will work.

Once I’m done winging it through the story and am in revisions, some scenes will make more sense when placed in a different order than originally planned. At that point, an outline allows me to view the story’s arc from a distance. The outline is a visual aid that keeps my stream-of-consciousness writing flowing.

If I am editing a story for a client who has no outline, I make one as I go.

The outline is an editing tool, an overview that allows me to see where the plot arc might be flatlining. Perhaps an event should be cut entirely as it no longer works. (I always save my outtakes in a separate file for later use.)

Over the next few weeks, we’ll talk more about my process.

But first, WHAT is our project? Are we using November for writing or editing or writing music or painting landscapes?

This is how I start my pre-flight checklist for winging it through the merry month of November. Whether we are writing a novel or editing it, the basic premise of any story in any genre can be answered in eight questions. Considering these questions on a chapter-by-chapter level is a good editing tool—when you note your observations on the outline, you can see the rise and fall of the action, follow the character arcs, and ensure the pacing is on point.

  1. Who are the players?
  2. Who is the POV character?
  3. Where does the story open? This is worldbuilding, so make the setting feel real.
  4. What does the protagonist have to say about their story? What do they want, and what will they do to get it?
  5. Who is the antagonist? What do they want, and what will they do to achieve it?
  6. What is the major obstacle to our characters’ achieving their desires?
  7. What other roadblocks hinder them?
  8. How does the story end? Is there more than one way this could go?

Plot-exists-to-reveal-characterThe answer to question number one kickstarts the plot: who are the players? Once I know the answer to this question, I can write, and write, and write … although most of what I write at that point will be background info. The answers to the other questions will emerge as I write the background blather.

I write fantasy stories most often, and they always begin with the characters. Characters usually arrive in my imagination as new acquaintances inhabiting a specific environment. That world determines the genre.

Who are youThey share some of their story the way strangers on a long bus ride might. I see the surface image they present to the world, but they keep most of their secrets close and don’t reveal all the dirt. These mysteries will be pried from them over the course of writing the narrative’s first draft.

That little bit of mind-wandering gives me the jumping-off point, which is all I need to get my story off the ground.

Knowing who the protagonist is, having an idea of their story, and seeing them in their world is a good first step.

Write those thoughts down so you don’t lose them. Keep adding to that list as ideas about that world and those characters come to you.

But what if you plan to edit last year’s novel rather than write a new project? We will go into productive self-editing next week.

real-writers-writeAnd what if you are writing poems or short stories? Graphic novels? We will also go into preparing to “speed-date your muse” when embarking on those aspects of writing.

We will look at all areas of creativity this #Preptober, because November is a month for exploring creativity on every level, and many sites offering November writing quests are springing up. We will explore the ever-expanding list of NaNo alternatives, and we will be prepared to have fun.

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What is “beta reading,” and how do I find a suitable reader? #writing

The month of September is drawing to a close, and we are winding up our dive into the second draft of a manuscript. We hope we have a perfect manuscript with no structural issues.

MyWritingLife2021BBut we know the work is just beginning. Now we need an unbiased eye looking at the structure, a beta reader.

Beta Reading is the first look at a manuscript by someone other than the author. It is the first reading of an early draft by an unbiased eye. Editing and proofreading happen further down the process, but this reading is critical.

This phase should guide the author in making revisions that make the story stronger. It’s best when the reader is a person who reads for pleasure and can gently express what they think about a story or novel.

I do suggest you find a person who enjoys the genre of that particular story. If you are asked to be a beta reader, you should know it is not a final draft. You should ask several questions as you read:

  1. My Coffee Cup © cjjasp 2013Setting: Does the setting feel real?
  2. Characters: Is the point of view character (protagonist) clear? Did you understand what they were feeling? Were they likable? Did you identify with and care about them? Were there various character types, or did they all seem the same? Were their emotions and motivations clear and relatable?
  3. Dialogue: Did the dialogue and internal narratives advance the plot?
  4. Events: did the inciting incident and subsequent roadblocks to success feel believable?
  5. Pacing: How did the momentum feel?
  6. Does the ending surprise and satisfy you? What do you think might happen next?

If you are asked to be a beta reader, you might be distracted by grammar and mechanics, and you might forget that the manuscript you’ve been asked to read is unedited.

  • I suggest you keep editorial comments broad, as a line edit is not what the author is looking for at this stage.

However, if the author really has no understanding of grammar and mechanics, you might gently direct them to an online grammar guide, such as The Chicago Manual of Style Online.

I am fortunate to have excellent friends in my writing group who are willing to read for me. Their suggestions are thoughtful and spot-on.

Let’s say that you have just joined a professional writers’ group. After attending a few meetings, you ask a member for feedback about your book or short story.

blphoto-Orange-ScissorsBe prepared for it to come back with some detailed critical observations, which may seem harsh. Any criticism of our life’s work feels unfair to an author who is new at this. And to be truthful, some authors never learn how to put aside their egos.

Some authors read the first three comments, decide the reader missed the point, and choose to ignore all the suggestions.

This is because the reader pointed out info dumps and long paragraphs the author thought were essential to the why and wherefore of things.

Maas_Emotional_Craft_of_FictionWorse, perhaps they were familiar with a featured component of the story, such as medicine or police procedures. The reader might have suggested we need to do more research and then rewrite what we thought was the perfect novel.

Even if it is worded kindly, criticism can make you feel like you have failed.

When I received my first critique, I was stunned, embarrassed, and deeply confused. I had worked and worked on that manuscript and why didn’t they know that?

Being the only one in a group who didn’t understand something made me angry, but thank heavens, my manners kicked in. I bottled it up and behaved myself.

Not understanding how to correct our bad writing habits is the core reason why we feel so hurt.

That critique was painful, but when I look back on it, I can clearly see why the manuscript was not acceptable in the state it was in.

I had no idea what a finished manuscript should look like, nor did I understand how to get it to look that way. I didn’t know where to begin or who to turn to for answers.

  • I didn’t understand how to write to a particular theme.
  • Punctuation and usage were inconsistent and showed I lacked an understanding of basic grammar rules.
  • I resented being told I used clichés.
  • I resented being told my prose was passive. But I couldn’t understand what they meant when they said to write active prose.

There was only one way to resolve this problem. I had to educate myself.

emotion-thesaurus-et-alI went out and bought books on the craft of writing, and I am still buying books on the craft today. I will never stop learning and improving.

Don’t ask a fellow member of a professional writers’ forum to read your work unless you want honest advice. Even if they don’t “get” your work, they will spend their precious time reading it, taking time from their writing to help you out, and that is priceless.

Finally, if you have offered your work to someone who is hypercritical about the small stuff and ignores the structural things you asked them to look at, don’t feel guilty for not asking them to read for you again.

Let it rest for a day or two. Then, look at their comments with a fresh eye and try to see why they made them.

activateLearning the craft of writing is like learning any other trade, from cooking to carpentry. It takes work and effort to become a master.

If you want to craft memorable work, you must own the proper tools for the job and learn how to use them. My “toolbox” contains:

  1. MS Word as my word-processing program. You may prefer a different program, but this is the one I use.
  2. Books on the craft. Self-education is critical. I refer back to The Chicago Manual of Style and numerous other books on the craft of writing whenever I am stuck. (See a short list of my favorites below.)
  3. I have trusted, knowledgeable beta-readers for my work and people who give me thoughtful feedback that I can use to make my final draft as good as I can get it.
  4. I work with a good, well-recommended freelance editor.
  5. Take free online writing classes.
  6. Attend conferences and seminars (not free, but worth the money).
  7. I meet with my weekly writing group.
  8. I read daily in ALL genres.

One day in 1990, I stumbled upon a book offered in the Science Fiction Book Club catalog: How to Write Science Fiction and Fantasy by Orson Scott Card. I’ve said this before, but the day that book arrived in my mailbox changed my life.

That was the day that I stopped feeling guilty for thinking I could be a writer.

The next book I bought was in 2002: On Writing, A Memoir of the Craft by Stephen King.

The following is the list of books that are the pillars of my reference library:

Negative feedback is a necessary part of growth. A good, honest critique can hurt if you are only expecting to hear about the brilliance of your work. This is where you have the chance to cross the invisible line between amateur and professional.

  • Editors_bookself_25May2018

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The Second Draft: Logic, Objectives, and Circumstances #writing

We are still working on the second draft of our manuscript. We have searched for our code words and examined our character arcs for agency and consequences.

The Second Draft: Decoding My Mental Shorthand #writing

The Second Draft: agency and consequences #writing

MyWritingLife2021BToday, we’re looking at the arc of the plot.  This is a good opportunity to open a new document and answer a few questions about your story. The list of questions and their answers will inform you of the areas that need more work before you send the manuscript to a beta reader.

First, let’s take a second look at the overarching objective. This is the reason the story exists, and we made a stab at identifying it in the first draft. But now we want to make that problem clear.

  1. Is the quest worthy of a story? What does the hero need, and would they risk everything to acquire it?
  2. Have we shown how badly they want it and, most importantly, why they are so desperate for it?
  3. Why do they feel entitled to it?
  4. How far are they willing to go to acquire it?

Second, we examine the antagonist. Have we shown the opposition as clearly as we have the protagonist? The whole story hinges on whether or not our protagonist faces a real threat. A weak enemy is no threat at all, so

  1. VillainWho is the antagonist?
  2. Do they have a personality that shows them as rounded and multidimensional rather than as a two-dimensional cartoon villain?
  3. Do they change and evolve as a person throughout the story, for good or for evil? A character arc must encompass several stages of personal growth. What those stages are is up to you and depends on the story you are telling.
  4. What do they want?
  5. Why do they feel entitled to it?
  6. How far are they willing to go to get it?

Third, how convincing is the inciting incident? I learned this the hard way—long lead-ins don’t hook the reader. Long lead-ins offer too much opportunity for the inclusion of insidious info dumps.

  1. Whether we show it in the prologue or the opening chapter, the first event, the inciting incident, changes everything and launches the story. The universe that is our story begins expanding at that moment.
  2. The first incident has a domino effect. More events occur, pushing the protagonist out of his comfortable life and into danger. Fear of death, fear of loss, fear of financial disaster, fear of losing a loved one—terror is subjective and deeply personal.
  3. The threat and looming disaster must be made clear to the reader at the outset. Nebulous threats mean nothing in real life, although they cause a lot of subconscious stress.
  4. Those vague threats might be the harbinger of what is to come in a book, but they only work if the danger materializes quickly and the roadblocks to happiness soon become apparent.

Fourth, let’s look at logic and the pinch points. Pinch points (events that threaten the quest) are the cogs that keep the wheels of your story turning. How strong are the pinch points in this story?

  1. Was this failure the logical outcome of the characters’ decisions? Or does this event feel random, like spaghetti tossed at a wall to see what sticks?
  2. Does the first pinch point feel strong enough to hook a reader?

The internet says that pinch points frequently occur between moving objects or parts of a machine.

cogsConsider cogs: they are engineered to interlock with each other, and when they move close enough that one cog interlocks and turns another, they move other parts of the mechanism.

When a machine is powered by mechanical or electrical means, the places where the cogs meet other cogs or other parts of the machinery are the danger zones, the places where people can be injured or even killed.

So, our narrative is our machine, and the events (pinch points) are the cogs that move it along.

Logic is the oil that keeps our gears turning.

Fifth: midpoint: What are the circumstances in which we find each character at the midpoint?

From the midpoint to the final plot point, pacing is critical, and the reader must be able to see how the positive and negative consequences affect the emotions of ALL the characters. We must show their emotional and physical condition and the circumstances in which they now find themselves.

The antagonist will be pleased, perhaps elated.

The protagonist will be worried, perhaps depressed.

  1. Did we fully explore how the events emotionally destroy them?
  2. Did we shed enough light on how their personal weaknesses are responsible for the bad outcome?
  3. Did we show how this failure causes the protagonist to question everything they once believed in?
  4. Did we offer them hope? What did we offer them that gave them the courage to persevere and face the final battle?
  5. Finally, did we explore how this emotional death and rebirth event makes them stronger?

storyArcLIRF10032021Each hiccup on the road to glory must tear the heroes down. Events and failures must break them emotionally and physically so that in the book’s final quarter, they can be rebuilt, stronger, and ready to face the enemy on equal terms.

Why does the antagonist have the upper hand? What happens at the midpoint to change everything for the worse?

Sixth: we look closely at the last act, which is the final quarter of the story.

  1. At the ¾ point, your protagonist and antagonist should have gathered their resources and companions.
  2. Each should believe they are as ready to face each other as they can be under the circumstances.

The final pages of the story are the reader’s reward for sticking with it to that point.

  1. Did we hold the solution just out of reach for the first ¾ of the narrative? Did we lure the reader to stay with us by giving them the promise of a solution?
  2. Did we show clearly that every time our characters nearly resolved their situation, they didn’t, and things got worse?
  3. Did we bring the protagonist and antagonist together for a face-to-face meeting?
  4. Was that meeting an epic conflict that deserved to be included in that story?
  5. Did that meeting bring the story to a solid conclusion?
  6. How well did we choreograph that final meeting?

a storyboard is your friendConfrontations are chaotic. It’s our job to control that chaos and create a narrative with an ending that is as intense as our imaginations and logic can make it.

Once we have examined the plot arc and are satisfied with its outcome, we may think it’s ready for a beta reader.

But it might not be, as we still have a few steps to complete. The beta reader’s comments will inform how we approach our third draft, so we want the manuscript we give them to be as free of easily resolved bloopers and distractions as possible. That way they will be better able to see the strengths of the story as well as the weaknesses.

Next week, we’ll examine the next steps to making a manuscript ready for a trusted beta reader. I’ll also discuss how I find readers who can accept that my story still has flaws and who understand what I am asking them to look for.

Plot-exists-to-reveal-character

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The second draft: agency and consequences #writing

I plot my stories in advance, but once I begin writing, the characters sometimes take over. The plot veers far from what I had intended when I began writing it. Each time that happens, the code words we use to tell the story find their way into my manuscript, marking the places I need to revisit and rewrite to show the action. (See last week’s post, The Second Draft: Decoding My Mental Shorthand #writing | Life in the Realm of Fantasy (conniejjasperson.com).

WritingCraftSeriesAgencyLIRF01302022This happens because my characters have agency and sometimes run amok. Thus, in the second draft, I examine the freedom I give my characters to introduce their own actions and reactions within the story.

Usually, the ending remains the same as proposed, no matter what the characters do. However, the path to that place can diverge, making the middle quite different from what was initially intended.

This is called giving your characters “agency.” Agency is an integral aspect of the creative process. It allows the written characters to become real, the way Pinocchio wanted to be a real boy and not a puppet.

I want their uniqueness to remain central to the story, even when their motives and actions diverge from the original plot outline.

In literary terms, “agency” is the ability of a character to surprise the author and, ultimately, the reader. If you plan every action and response when you are writing them, the experience of writing might feel canned and boring.

Plotting, for me, means setting out an arc of events for a story that I hope to write. I do this in advance, creating it in the form of a list in a new Excel workbook that is the bible for that universe. My outline workbook will contain several spreadsheets. On one page, I create the characters and give them personality traits. On another, I list the order of events that I think will form the arc of the story. Another page will have a glossary of words and names that are unique to that story. There will be maps and calendars to help keep things logical.

tabs of a stylesheet

Some authors use whiteboards and sticky notes, and still others use Scrivener—a program my style of thinking doesn’t mesh with. Google Sheets works well, too, and it’s free. The way you plot your stories is up to you.

When my characters begin doing things that weren’t planned, the outline evolves. That way, I don’t lose control of the plot and go off on a side quest to nowhere. That is when I get to know my characters as people.

Author-thoughtsWhen the writing commences, the characters make choices and say things that surprise me. They can do this because I allow them agency.

Each character will be left with several consequential choices to make in every situation that arises along the timeline. I consider the personality and allow the characters’ reactions to fit who they are.

No matter how they respond, they will be placed in situations where they have no choice but to go forward. After all, I am their creator, the deity of their universe. I have an outline that predestines them to specific fates, and nothing they can do will stop that train.

The consequences my characters face for their choices affect the atmosphere and mood of the story as it emerges. Think about it—if there are no consequences for a character’s bad decisions, everyone goes home unscathed. What sort of story is that? Why bother writing at all?

Let’s look at both the meanings and synonyms for the word consequences.

ConsequencesLIRF09142024

So now, let’s consider agency and the importance of choice. How will the consequences of their decisions affect our characters’ lives? After all, a story isn’t interesting without a few self-inflicted complications.

A story most fantasy authors are familiar with is J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit. Let’s have a closer look at Bilbo’s choices and his path to becoming the eccentric, eleventy-one-year-old hobbit who vanishes (literally), leaving everything, including the One Ring, to Frodo.

In the morning, after the unexpected (and unwanted) guests leave, he has two choices. He can stay in the safety of Bag End or hare off on a journey into the unknown. He chooses to run after the dwarves, and so begins the story of how a respectable hobbit embarked on a new career as a burglar and became a hero in the process.

Bilbo comes to the huts of the raftelves by J.R.R. Tolkien

Bilbo comes to the huts of the raft elves by J.R.R. Tolkien

The consequences of Bilbo’s decision will shape his entire life afterward. Where he was once a staid country squire, the pillar of respectability who had inherited a comfortable income and existence, he is now expected to steal an important treasure from a dragon.

At the outset, that particular job doesn’t seem real, and he can’t imagine doing it. More immediate problems beset him. First of all, he has no clue about how a successful burglar works. He knows better than anyone that he is completely unfit for the task.

Second, he’s always been well-fed, highly respected, and not inclined to physical labor. Now, he is a novice on the expedition, so his opinions carry no weight. Not only that, meals are scant by his standards, and they must do way too much walking.

Bilbo’s long-suppressed desire for adventure emerges early when the company encounters a group of trolls. He is supposed to be a thief, so he is sent to investigate a strange fire in a forest. Reluctantly, he agrees. Upon reaching the blaze, he observes that it is a cookfire for a group of trolls.

Bilbo must make a choice. The smart thing would be to turn around at that point and warn the dwarves that they are in mortal danger. However, Bilbo’s bruised ego takes over, and he chooses to do something to prove his worth.

“He was very much alarmed as well as disgusted; he wished himself a hundred miles away—yet somehow he could not go straight back to Thorin and Company empty-handed.” [1]

Bilbo’s desire to impress the Dwarves causes him to make regrettable decisions. His choice leads to everyone nearly getting eaten, which is a negative consequence.

the hobbitFortunately, they are rescued by Gandalf. While he is hiding, Bilbo discovers several historically important weapons. One of them is Sting, a blade that fits Bilbo perfectly as a sword. This is a positive consequence, as the blade is crucial to Bilbo’s story and later to Frodo’s story.

It does not acquire its name until later in the adventure, after Bilbo, lost in the forest of Mirkwood, uses it to kill a giant spider and rescue the Dwarves. This is when Bilbo’s decisions become more thoughtful, and his courageous side begins to emerge.

Choices and consequences, both negative and positive, shape Bilbo’s character.

Sometimes, the decisions our characters make as we write surprise us. But if those choices make the story too easy, they should be discarded.

The best, most exciting moments I’ve had as an author are when my characters surprise me and take over the story. I can’t describe the feeling of exultation I experience when my characters choose to take the story in a different, much better direction than I had planned.

Ultimately, they end at the place I intended for them at the outset, but they always do it their own way and with their own style.

ConsequencesLIRF07122020


Credits and Attributions:

[1] Quote from The Hobbitor There and Back Again, by J.R.R. Tolkien, published 1937 by George Allen & Unwin, Ltd.

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The Second Draft: Decoding My Mental Shorthand #writing

Before we set the first words on a blank page, our minds have formed images of scenes we want to describe. Steven Pinker is a professor of psychology at Harvard University who specializes in visual cognition and developmental linguistics. He reminds us that we are not born with language, so we are NOT engineered to think in words alone. We also think in images.

depthPart1revisionsLIRF05252021It follows that certain words become a kind of mental shorthand, small packets of letters that contain a world of images and meaning for us. Code words are the author’s multi-tool—a compact tool that combines several individual functions in a single unit. One word, one packet of letters will serve many purposes and convey a myriad of mental images.

These words are sometimes used too often in the first draft as they are efficient. We write as fast as we can when we have the inspiration. Code words convey a wide range of information concisely, and because we use them, we can write the first draft of a story from beginning to end before we lose the fire for it.

In my current writing, I hope to portray my protagonists as I see them without bashing my readers with how I see their appearance. The big temptation is to go into detail about each person’s specific characteristics.

This is not necessary. We think in images, and so do our readers, who will fill in the details in a way that is pleasing to them. I want to convey their characteristics naturally and without beating the reader over the head.

A few years ago, I read a novel featuring a caterer who solves mysteries. She is continuously described as Junoesque, ample, vast, chubby, size eighteen, fat, large … and on and on. In every chapter, at least once and usually twice, we were given a visual description of her, along with indications of how she aroused the males around her.

Those constant descriptions were meant to emphasize the author’s perception of her protagonist as plump but irresistible to the males. However, as the book wore on, it became jarring and unnecessary. I skipped to the end and then set it aside, never to be read again.

powerwordsWordCloudLIRF06192021I want to avoid that sin in my work, but what are my code words? What words are being inadvertently overused as descriptors? A good way to discover this is to make a word cloud. The words that see the most screen time will be the largest. Free online word cloud generator and tag cloud creator – WordClouds.com.

A word frequency search is also a good tool. Word Frequency Counter – Counts frequency of words in text, free online tool (charactercounter.com)

In my current work, a prominent side character is an important mentor. He is tall with dark skin and dark eyes. His hair is a wiry halo shot with white and trimmed close to his head. This is a mixed-race society, a world where “race” means “species.” One is a human born in the world of Neveyah, a large minotaur from the Bull God’s world, or a small person with rat-like features from the Mountain God’s world. Those are the only racial differences people notice.

So, when showing my people, I use general descriptors, and thanks to my use of word frequency search, the code words are now used only a few times. My hope is that a reader will make appropriate visualizations as needed.

Every author thinks a little differently, so your code words will be different from mine. Another way to find your secret code words is to have the Read Aloud tool read each section. I find many inadvertent crutch words that way.

One of the code words I subconsciously overuse is “felt.” My thesaurus says I could exchange felt for:

  • ozford-american-writers-thesaurusendured
  • experienced
  • knew
  • saw
  • suffered
  • tasted
  • underwent,
  • witnessed

The thesaurus offers some other words related to felt:

  • regarded
  • viewed
  • accepted
  • depended
  • trusted
  • assumed
  • presumed
  • presupposed
  • surmised

It’s natural to overuse certain words without realizing it, but that is where revisions come in.

As you go along, you’ll discover that some words have very few synonyms that work.

Consider the word “smile.” It’s a common code word, a five-letter packet of visualization. Synonyms for “smile” are few and don’t show what I mean:

  • beam
  • grin
  • leer
  • smirk

Each occurrence of the word “smile” in my work must be considered individually. Sometimes, this requires a complete re-visualization of the scene. It hurts my heart to murder my darlings, but I look for a different way to convey my intention.

We don’t have to drag the reader through a long list of ever-moving facial expressions, such as lips turning up, down, drawing to one side, etc.

When done sparingly and combined with a conversation, this kind of visual display can work.

By sparingly, I mean no more than one facial change per interaction, please.

oxford_synonym_antonymSometimes, the only thing that works is the brief image of a smile. Nothing is more boring than reading a story where a person’s facial expressions take center stage. As a reader, I want to know what is happening inside our characters and can be put off by an exaggerated outward display.

Once you become aware of your first draft code words, go to the thesaurus, find all the synonyms you can, and list them in a document for easy access. If it is a word such as smile or shrug, you have your work cut out, but it will speed things up if you make a small list of visuals that you can use and change up as needed.

A list of mood indicators can keep you from losing your momentum and will readily give you the words you need to convey all the vivid imagery you see in your mind. I saved my list to my desktop, so I don’t have to waste time searching for it.

Here are some instances of body language an observer would see if a character was wary.

  • Crossed arms.
  • A stiff posture.
  • Narrowed eyes.

emotion-thesaurus-et-alIf you don’t have it already, a book you might want to invest in is The Emotion Thesaurus by Angela Ackerman and Becca Puglisi. Some of the visuals they list aren’t my cup of tea, but they understand how to use words that show what people are thinking.

This aspect of the revision process is sometimes the most difficult. It takes time to examine each instance of our code words. They don’t always need changing—sometimes, a smile is a smile, and that is okay.

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Today is Labor Day in the US #writerlife

The first Monday in September is Labor Day in the US, a holiday marking the end of summer. This is the day we honor those whose labor keeps this country running. Over the years, I have worked in a wide variety of menial jobs. All were low-paying and didn’t garner much respect from those in higher-status positions or from management. But I liked my work and never did less than my best.

MyWritingLife2021BChildcare was always an issue. Sometimes, during the Carter years, I qualified for government-subsidized childcare vouchers, which was the only reason I could work such low-paying entry-level jobs. Later, my uncle cared for my youngest daughter after school until she was about ten.  Because I had that childcare subsidy when my youngest was not yet of school age, I was able to support my family relatively well.

They should bring that childcare subsidy back. Once they reached ten years of age, my kids were latchkey kids, which wasn’t uncommon in those days.

In the 1970s-80s, I worked as a bookkeeper, an automobile detailer, a field hand for a (now defunct) multi-national Christmas tree company, a photo lab tech, a waitress in a bakery, and worked in a delicatessen.

During those years, my favorite job was as a field hand for the J. Hofert Company. They grew Christmas trees of all varieties, and I absolutely loved the work. It was outdoors, paid $3.25 an hour, and was seasonal, so I usually had a month off three times a year.  I was able to work all the overtime hours I wanted during certain seasons, as field hands were as hard to get then as they are now.

coins

Coins, Microsoft content creators

Sometimes, especially during the Reagan years and up to 1996, wages were low, and jobs were scarce.  I held two, and sometimes three, part-time jobs to keep the roof over my children’s heads and food on their table. Trickledown economics never quite trickled down to my town.

In the late 1980s and through the 1990s, I worked as a hotel maid, a photographer’s assistant and darkroom technician, and as a bookkeeper/office manager for a charter bus company.

Life became easier in the 1990s. As a bookkeeper/office manager, I earned $7.50 an hour (two dollars over minimum at the time) and worked less than 30 hours a week with no benefits whatsoever. I drove for an hour each way, morning and afternoon, for that job.

As a hotel housekeeper in a union shop, on the days I wasn’t a bookkeeper, I made $8.50 (three dollars over minimum) and worked about 20 hours a week, giving me enough from the two jobs to live on and provide well for my children. I was still legally married to my 3rd husband, but he was seldom in the picture. The marriage was a shield between me and my well-meaning matchmaker friends.

fireworks via wikipedaI was divorced from hubby number three in 1997, and oddly enough, things became much easier financially. I was able to get by with only one job, even while raising my last teenager. (See? Everyone has a soap opera life, even famously unknown authors.)

For all the years I was married to my 3rd husband, no matter what other job I had, I kept my weekend job at the hotel. I kept it because I always had that to fall back on. I had risen in seniority and could work full-time whenever the other jobs went away.

My hotel was affiliated with a good union. We who did the dirty work earned far more than maids, housemen, and laundresses at other hotels. We also had benefits such as paid sick leave, up to two weeks a year of paid vacations, good health insurance, and a 401k, to which our employer matched our contributions.

In any hotel, housekeepers are considered the lowest of the low by the other employees. No one is of less social value than the person who cleans up after other people. Without the union, we would have had nothing more than the bare minimum wage and a cartload of insincere condescension from management.

Not every union is good or reasonable. But while I don’t agree with everything every union does and stands for, I am grateful that a good, reasonable organization protected my family and me during those years of struggle.

After 2000, I worked as a temp employee at Verisign, a tax preparer for H&R Block, and did data entry for LPB Energy Management. By 2010, I was thoroughly sick of corporate America and had returned to bookkeeping, this time for a local landscape company.

That job was a joy.

In my younger days, I worked every weekend and every holiday, and yes, it was not easy, but it was what it was. My kids were good and supportive, and they knew I was doing my best for them.

Every worker deserves an employer who treats them with respect and offers a fair wage in return for their labor.

The world is a different place now in many ways. Even so, someone must do the dirty jobs, the work that no one else wants. I have nothing but respect for those who work long, hard hours in all areas of the service industry, struggling to support their families.

My experiences working in the lower echelons of the labor force inform my writing. Look around you and see the people who make your life easier by being there every day doing their jobs.

330px-Works_Progress_Administration_maid_poster_cropped

Stylized drawing of a maid on a Works Progress Administration poster via Wikipedia

Every waitress/waiter, housekeeper, laundry worker, caregiver, bartender, welder, mechanic—everyone in the service industry is a living, caring human being with hopes, ambitions, triumphs, and tragedies. Every one of them has a story and a reason to be where they are, doing the task they have been given.

Say a little thank you to all those who endure verbal abuse when a customer is stressed out and “doesn’t have time to wait” or is upset by things they have no control over and vent their anxiety at someone who can’t (or won’t) fight back.

Give a little thanks to those whose labor enables you to live a little easier.

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Revisiting the double circular story arc #writing

The story arc can take several forms. It can be linear, a straight shot from the inciting incident to the conclusion. This kind of story takes our protagonist through a series of events that all lead to one ending, a point well away from where it began. The protagonist has left his roots behind and is transformed into a hero.

WritingCraft_short-storyAnother arc takes the protagonist on a journey that can end several different ways, all of them taking our characters down a winding path with many choices, roads not taken. They also are altered by their experiences for good or ill.

Yet another arc takes the protagonist back to their beginnings, transformed and ready to face their future.

My favorite arc to play with is the double circular arc, also known as the infinity arc. The majority of this post appeared here in November 2023, so if you have read it already, thank you for stopping by. The infinity arc is on my mind as it’s a method I am employing in a current short work-in-progress.

When I plan a story, I divide the outline into 3 acts. In a 2,000-word story, act 1 has 500 words, act 2 has 1,000, and act 3 has 500 more words to wind up the events. No matter the length of any story, if you know the intended word count, you can divide the plot outline that way.

The Infinty Story ArcKnowing my intended word count helps me create a story, from drabbles to novels. For me, it works in stories with a traditional arc as well as those with a circular arc.

In any story, the words we use to show the setting, combined with a strong theme, will convey atmosphere and mood, so fewer words are needed.

The story I’m using for today’s example is the Iron Dragon, a 1,025-word story I wrote during NaNoWriMo 2015. That was the year I focused on experimental writing, putting out at least one short story every day and sometimes two.

This is a story of the web of time glitching and the perceptions of the characters who experienced it.

Some speculative fiction stories work well as a double circular arc—something like an infinity sign, a figure-eight lying on its side:

dragonIn a circular narrative, the story begins at point A, takes the protagonist through life-changing events, and brings them home, ending where it started. The starting and ending points are the same, and the characters return home, but they are fundamentally changed by the story’s events.

The infinity arc presents one story from two different viewpoints. The story begins with character 1, takes them through the events, and brings them back. At that point, the story takes up character 2 and retells the events through their point of view, bringing them back to where they began. (Two circular story arcs joined by one event.)

Both characters begin at the same place, experience the event(s) concurrently but separately, and arrive back at the same place. The worldview of both is challenged by what they have lived through.

The two characters may not meet. In the Iron Dragon, my characters physically don’t meet in person. However, they briefly occupy the same patch of ground during a glitch in the space-time continuum.

This story ends where it began but with the two sets of characters having seemingly experienced two different events. Their perception of the meeting is colored by the knowledge and superstitions of their respective eras.

The Infinty Story Arc

The first paragraph of the Iron Dragon begins in the middle of a story—the center of the infinity sign. Those opening sentences establish the world, set the scene, and introduce the first protagonist. The following three paragraphs show the situation and establish the mood. They also introduce the antagonist—what appears to be an immense dragon made of iron.

At this point, our first protagonist knows that he must resolve the problem and protect his people, which he does. There is more to his side of the story, of course. But this is a story with two sides. Aeddan’s point of view is not the entire story.

Again, I had to set the scene and establish the mood and characters. Here, we meet the second protagonist, an engine driver named Owen. He has the same needs as Aeddan and also resolves the problem. Neither character would have understood the strange physics of what just occurred had Michio Kaku been around to explain it to them. Both do what they must to protect their people.

The final paragraphs wind it up. They also contribute to the overall atmosphere and setting of the second part of the story. As a practice piece, this story has good bones. I didn’t feel it was the right kind of story for submission to a magazine or contest, as it’s not a commercially viable piece. So, I posted it here on this blog on November 4th, 2016. #flashfictionfriday: The Iron Dragon

Flag_of_Wales.svgWord choices are essential in showing a world and creating a believable atmosphere when limited to only a small word count. I had challenged myself to write a story that told both sides of a frightening encounter in 1000 words, give or take a few. I wanted to expand on the theme of dragons and use it to show two aspects of a place whose national symbol is the Red Dragon (Welsh: Y Ddraig Goch).

But I also wanted to use the double circular story arc, seeing it as a way to tell one story as lived by two protagonists separated by twelve centuries and a multitude of legends. That meant I had 1000 words to tell two stories.

Short fiction allows us to experiment with both style and genre. It challenges us to build a world in only a few words and still tell a story with a beginning, a middle, and an end.

The act of writing something different, a little outside my comfort zone, forces me to be more imaginative in how I tell my stories. It makes me a better reader as well as a better writer.


Credits and Attributions:

Wikimedia Commons contributors, “File:Flag of Wales.svg,” Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Wales.svg&oldid=808619174 (accessed November 19, 2023).

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